You Can Not Go Through Life Without Having A List Of Rules

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Existentialism, Nihilism, And Objectivism - 2408 Words

From the beginning of time people have pondered existence and what it means to truly â€Å"Be’, indeed the most important questions that one can ask are those of a metaphysical nature. The deeper questions that seek to explain the reason we’re here in the first place, if for any reason at all. It’s easy to get lost in the many differing theories proposed from Determinism to Rationalism to Solipsism to Absurdism the possible theories one can ascribe as correct are endless. But the ones that try to answer those big questions in the most general of terms are the ones that seem to hold the most verisimilitude. Existentialism, Nihilism, and Objectivism are the most general, and although quite different they are also quite similar. But existentialism seems to be the one which offers the most hope for optimism or any concern for altruism and personal growth. To begin with it should be taken into consideration the circumstances in which humanity found itself in when these sort philosophical musings of ontology became so prevalent among the society of thinkers and intellectuals. With the turbulence and constant change of the late 19th and 20th century it only makes sense that people would begin to wonder what it all really means. With wars, genocide, and poverty contrasted against the unprecedented industrial and technological advances of the time not to mention the exponential growth in some populations, it became easier and easier to lose one s identity as the world begins toShow MoreRelated Comparing the Anti-Social Plays of Cyrano de Bergerac and Night of the Iguana1026 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstood by scientific and logical means. This, I believe, is where the anti-social play becomes important: it reflects societys belief that there is nothing to believe in anymore. The emergence of many philosophies (such as existentialism, athei stic satanism, objectivism, nihilism, and hedonism) which focus on despair or selfishness also reflects this. Anti-social plays, of which we have many in modern times, address the concepts of despair that these influential modern philosophies have in common.Read MoreExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 PagesEssentialism vs. Existentialism Essentialism: A belief that things have a set of characteristics that make them what they are, amp; that the task of science and philosophy is their discovery amp; expression; the doctrine that essence is prior to existence While, Existentialism:A philosophical theory or approach, that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free amp; responsible agent, determining their own development through acts of the will. Existentialism * is

Michael Jordan Essay Paper Example For Students

Michael Jordan Essay Paper Michael Jordan is an American Professional Basketball Player . I picked Michael for my biography because I consider him to be the best basketball player in the NBA . Michael is recognized for his spectacular ball handling skills and for his outrageous dunks . He is also the leading scorer in the NBA , and a winner of three NBA most valuable player award in 1988,1991, and 1992 . Jordan was born in Brooklyn , New York , and raised in Wilmington , North Carolina . He accepted a basketball scholarship at the University of North Carolina and as a freshman he scored the winning shot in the 1982 NCAA championship game . In 1984 Jordan led theU.S. basketballteam to victory in the Olympics . After that he left college to play for the Chicago Bulls . Jordan was successful as a professional from his firstseason , Leading the NBA in the 1984-85 season in points scored . He also was named rookie ofthe year and started in the All Star game . In the 1986-87 season Jordan became the second player ever to score 3000 points in one season . In the following six seasons he led the NBA in scoring averaging more than 30 points per game . Jordan led the Chicago Bulls to their first NBA championship tittle in 1991, and did it again in 1992 and in 1993 . Jordan retired frombasketball in 1994 to play baseball . He only played for about one year but he didnt have what it took to be abaseball player . He came back to play basketball in the middle of the 1995 season to lead the Bulls into the first round of the playoffs where they where beat . Jordan was the NBAs most valuable player for the 1987-88season and again for the 1990-91 and the 1991-92 season . This is the firsttime a NBA player won for two consecutive seasons . He was also a member of the Dream Team that won the gold metal in basketball at the 1992 Summer Olympics . Many people consider Michael to be the best basketball player in the world . I consider him to be the best on earth . Also one of the mostworld renown players ever to be recognized all over the world . Jordan has signedmany profitable contracts to endorse commercialproducts such as Nike , Pepsi ,Gatorade , and many more .

To what extent did the Cold War shaped the US relations with Latin America

Table of Contents A case study of Central American in 1980s The US and Nicaragua The US and El Salvador The US and Guatemala Summary Conclusion Reference A case study of Central American in 1980s After the Second World War the relationship between the US and Soviet Union was changed from anti Nazi partners to latent enemies. But because of the nuclear threats from both sides, the possibility of a real battle became very small and a new form of cold war known as the competition between military, economies, politics, diplomacy, ideology and so on started.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent did the Cold War shaped the US relations with Latin America? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During the cold war both sides were trying to gain more international influence and power, so foreign policy became especially important. In term of the US and Latin America relation had changed a lot because of it. This essay is going to talk detailed about those changes and focus on countries like EI Salvadorï ¼Å'Nicaragua and Guatemala . During the Second World War the partnership relation between US and Latin American was very good and strong. For example, in the first two years of the war most Latin America countries were neutral as US, after US joining the war they stopped diplomacy with those fascism countries and claimed war against them Mexico and Brazil even sent troops to fight with US. Other Latin American countries also had done a lot to provide many material supports to US (Zhu 2002 p19). After the war although US did a lot to deepen its influence in economic, political and military terms but because its interventions anti US sense was popular in those Latin American people. In 1959, the Cuba victory pushed this sense to a very high level and rang the alarm to US. In 1960, US have changed a lot of its attitude to Latin America. The reasons are on one hand, the great fear to the Soviet Union catch up and expansion, on the other hand the fear of Cuba bring communism domino effect to the Latin America countries and finally surrounded by the red empire (Priestland 2010 p48). From 1960, US launched a lot of actions to suppress communism and gain its power in Latin America. Firstly, the long term actions toward Cuba to intervene and subvert the communism government. One thing should notice is it was not an independent movement but a collective one, countries like Dominica and Guatemala also involved. (Priestland 2010 p48). The relationships between the US and Latin American countries divided into clear branches. Secondly, ideology competition with communism accompanied with military actions. This movement was trying to reconcile the relationship through ideology penetration and economic aid and at the same time defeat the communism ideologically and physically. (Zhu 2002 p26) But outcomes are not all good as predicted because these ideologies also raised disputes betw een the US and authoritarian regimes in Latin America.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thirdly, mainly after the 1980s besides dollar diplomacy to Latin American, the US gave more concentration to Central America and Caribbean area as their most urgent task and changed their military and political strategy to a low intensity one. Nicaragua and EI Salvador can be good examples to understand the policy. (Priestland 2010 p51) Nicaragua is quite different from other communism country, the reform of the Sandinistas was relatively soft and did not rose much class conflicts maybe partly because the avaricious Somoza regime that only the Somoza family owned 20% of the country’s cultivable land. (Skidmore Smith 2005 p386)And also the Sandinistas’ different attitudes to capitalist countries relatively friendly and their nonaligned foreign policy make sure at the ver y beginning of 1980 its relationship with US was not bad, it was still able to get financial help from US (Priestland 2010 p51). But the implement of the Reagan doctrine changed the situation. US started to sanction Nicaragua economically and politically and fostering any anti Sandinista force to subvert the communism government (Skidmore and Smith 2005 p387-388). The action was brutal almost 1% of the population died in the contra war. Combine with many other factor it finally lead the Sandinista lost the election to weak but pro US candidate (Priestland 2010 p60). In the EI Salvador case, even under very much domestic pressure, US had not stopped its military intervention. Unit any possible force within Latin American, gave economic aid and sent military advisor to support anti communism regime. (Nigel 1990 p103) Many criticisms had put Vietnam label on this time. This led to 12 years civil war responsible for more than 75,000 deaths (Skidmore and Smith 2010 p388). But the US atti tudes changed from purge to negotiation. Partly because the reform nature and the popularity among people of the FMLN or partly the weakening soviet power, two conflict regime under supervision of US finally ceased fire and lead the EI Salvador to a direction to democracy (Nigel 1990 p105). But the American influence seemed hard to get rid of, even in 2004 when the election seems to be a victory of FMLN, American warned right wing with possibility of economic and political sanctions (Skidmore Smith2010 p385). After persuading the Latin American countries with conciliatory policies before the World War II, Roosevelt’s administration had hoped to rally the Latin American countries to cooperate in defending the region. However, during the World War II and after the war, these nations found international military, political and economic relations with communist countries especially with the Soviet Union. After the World War II, the US had problems containing the spread of commun ism in Latin American countries. The US policymakers attempted to control radicalism of social change as they argued that the US was encouraging the spread of democracy in these countries. It was difficult curbing the spread of communism and sometimes the US was forced to support undemocratic regimes like that of Anastasio Samoza of Nicaragua.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent did the Cold War shaped the US relations with Latin America? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More If at all the United States wished to record any improvements with regard to the alliance it was enjoying with Latin America, the Kennedy administration deemed it necessary to take on board Nicaragua and President Anastasio in all the ensuing economic development programs. In the 1970s, the Marxist left demonstrated its unwavering support for both Cuba and the Soviet Union, in addition to the desire to create communist regimes in Guat emala, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. This implied that the Soviet Union was expanding power and spreading its communist ideology in America’s backyard. However, there was sharp division in the Reagan’s administration as conservatives wanted the Marxist left to be defeated while liberals feared another Vietnam-like war between the US and; El Salvador and Guatemala and therefore they did not support any military aid to anticommunist governments or rebel forces. The US and Nicaragua The US used the Central Intelligence Agency to achieve most of its ambitions in these countries. In Nicaragua, between 1981 and 1990, particularly in the Reagan’s administration, the CIA carried out several activities to destabilize the government of Nicaragua. They planted mines in harbors mainly those used by the civilians and also sunk civilian ships. They aided and trained the major rebel group in Nicaragua, the Contras Guerilla Insurgency which had its base in Honduras. The Contras i nsurgents waged guerilla war on the government and also carried out serious human rights abuse such as murder, torture, rape, kidnappings, arson among others aimed at destabilizing the government and eventually topple it and taking over power (The Catholic Institute for International Relations 11). They even destroyed social amenities like health care centers and also assassinated the health care workers. According to Leogrande the CIA created the Unilaterally Controlled Latino Assets (UCLAs) group in 1983 to help the US in sabotaging ports, bridges, refineries. This was part of the US deception strategy so that these activities would be perceived to be Contras sabotage activities. (Leogrande 1993 p340) The UCLA was responsible for the mining of the Nicaraguan harbors that saw many Nicaraguan boats sink and several foreign vessels damaged in January 1984 (Gilbert 1988 p167).Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This led to the ratification of the Boland Amendment which barred the provision of arms support to the Contras insurgents (Gilbert 1988 pI67). The amendment criminalized under the US law the supply of arms to any militant group. However, this did not stop the Reagan’s administration from supporting the Contras militants. Instead the hatched the Iran-Contra Plan which enabled them supply the Contras insurgents with arms. The US had initially supported the Sandinista-dominated regime by providing economic assistance. US even helped the regime to take over power from the Samoza regime which was also doctorial. On the other hand, the United States government had to withhold its financial support when the conflict in Salvador came into the light. Moreover, private diplomatic contacts had to be engaged by the US government in a bid to try and persuade the government in Nicaragua to suspend its apparent subversion (Wenchi 2002 p34). The US government also put economic sanctions on N icaragua and even supported Nicaragua’s neighbors against Nicaraguan aggression. In 1984, Nicaragua held presidential elections during the state of emergency that was meant to curb the Contras insurgents as well as the CIA-orchestrated bombings. The election was won by President Daniel Ortega. This government now leaned more towards the communist world and relied on the Central Committee of the Communist Party for approval of its activities (Kriele 1986 p56). The US government maintained its arms support to the Contras insurgents so as to pressure the Nicaraguan government to revert its relations with the communist bloc (Kriele 1986 p57). It also made regulations that required that any non governmental organization to submit its public statements to the Censorship Bureau before making it public (Chamorro 1988 p23). The continued insurgency by the Contras militants through the US support destabilized the Nicaraguan government and was finally overthrown in 1990 (Chamorro 1988 p 25). The US and the Contras militants forced the Sandinistas to agree to elections which were finally held in 1990 and saw the end of the Sandinistas regime as the election was won by the opposition despite Ortega having used all the resources available and the power he possessed (Chamorro 1988 p27). The US and El Salvador In contrast, the US supported the Salvadoran military government against the insurgents from the left-wing militia during this time that it supported insurgents in fighting Nicaragua (Burgerman 1998 p272). During the Salvadoran Civil War which was between the Salvadoran military government and the Farabundo Martà ­ National Liberation Front (FMLN) which comprised of five left-wing militias; the US provided arms and economic support to the Salvadoran government and also protected the centrist Christian Democrats as well. The centrist Christian Democrats were the target of death squads which existed in Latin America (Francesca 2007 p32). In addition, even within th e security forces in Salvador, divisions were apparent, with one part of the force affiliated to the reformists and the other part affiliated to the right-wing extremists. In an attempt to prevent the occurrence of an economic or political revolution, right-wing extremists had to rely on the death squad. According to Francesca Carter’s administration had to intervene again and again to prevent right-wing coups, while Reagan’s administration had to constantly threaten the right-wing extremists with aid suspension so that they could put an end to their killings and acts of violence. (Francesca 2007 p32) The US was determined to help El Salvador to overcome its bloody fighting since it wanted to ensure that the government did not lean towards the communist regime and that it achieved democracy. Consequently, following many years of involvement in the civil war, it was time now for the US military to intervene and attempt to assist the government contain the insurgence. As a result, the rebels had no choice but to concede defeat. Since the US wanted the Salvadoran government to commit itself to democratic rule, it threatened the Salvadoran government with aid suspension unless it considered democratic transformations which the government accepted. This led to the promulgation of a new constitution, reforms in the armed forces and establishment of the civilian police force. The new constitution guaranteed free and fair political participation and prompted the transformation of FMLN from a militia group to a political party and its members granted amnesty. These transformations enabled the Salvadoran government achieve democratic and peaceful environment. The US and Guatemala Guatemala was and is still characterized by dictatorial rule and repressive military activities. US provided military aid as well as training to Guatemala’s army in the 1960s and 1970s with an aim of helping it transform its army to be able to counter-insurgency forces (Bur german 1998 p256). This was the origin of the death squads in Latin America. Government officials, army leaders and all those who supported the death squads had some close attachments with the US government. The US’s objective was to establish a counterinsurgency base against revolutions which could destabilize the activities of US corporations and US landowners in Guatemala. The US used the CIA and the Guatemalan military to terrorize and eliminate guerillas, labor leaders, professionals and any other person who advocated to for revolution in the system of governance (Brody 1985 p71). The CIA provided training for the army, the police and the death squads and also provided arms support. However, in 1970s, public reports revealed the Guatemalan military torture and killings which propelled human rights activists in the US to protest against the human rights abuse in Guatemala (Burgerman 1998 p267). As a result, President Jimmy Carter halted open military aid to Guatemala in 1 977. Military aid still continued through the CIA which still supported the atrocities committed by the military and the death squad in the President Lucas Garcia which began in 1978 (Burgerman 1998 p263). This regime set out to eliminate popular leaders in Guatemala. The 1980s saw more repression and massacre of the native communities by the Guatemalan military supported by the US through the CIA (Burgerman 1998 p262). Again reports revealed the military violations of human rights in Guatemala which made President Reagan to change his open aid policy to Guatemala and to apply the controversial two-track policy. The Reagan administration supported the military oppression in Guatemala while in public; it made pronouncements which supported human rights and the rule law in Guatemala. The US government still relied on the CIA to liaise with the Guatemalan security forces. The US government did not intervene in the coup and the dictatorial rule of General Efrain Rios Montt which occurre d between 1982 and 1983 (Burgerman 1998 p259). He killed and tortured Indians and those who survived escaped to Mexico. He used deception strategies to establish concentration camps for those who had survived the political genocides that had earlier been carried by the government and used the concentration camps to eliminate them. His activities against the purported insurgents gave President Reagan the advantage to resume military support to Guatemala arguing that Montt’s counterinsurgency on the guerillas was working. CIA and the Guatemalan military activities did not even stop in President Vinicio Cerezo Arevalo’s regime who was elected in the in December, 1985 (Burgerman 1998 p268). The CIA still provided assistance to the military in its repressive activities. Towards the end of Reagan’s administration, the government invented a new method for eliminating the indigenous Guatemalan population. The Guatemalan government supported by the US government sprayed toxic herbicides using the anti-drug helicopters (Burgerman 1998 p269). This caused the death of many people, animals and plants. Those who had fled to remote areas in Guatemala were either killed through the bombings that were carried out in these areas or captured in the pretext of the fight against drugs by applying its anti-drug policy. Those who were captured were tortured and killed. The Bush administration also continued with Reagan’s two-track policy. In 1989, the Bush administration sent humanitarian aid to Guatemala particularly in areas most occupied by the guerilla movements. This was to convince the public that it supported human rights while the National Guard units which had been sent to provide medical services did more interrogation than provision of medical services. An American businessman, Michael Devine, was kidnapped and killed in 1990 for having information on Guatemalan military’s drug-trafficking activities. Although President Bush publicly ann ounced an end to Guatemalan military aid, his administration continued to support the Guatemalan military through the CIA. The activities of the US in Guatemala were driven by the need to protect the United Fruit Company among many other US investments in Guatemala as well as its trade with Guatemala. This company owned about 42% of Guatemala’ land and in addition, the company was exempted from taxes as well as import duties (Burgerman 1998 p266). Most of those who were involved in this company were in the US ruling circles. This is arguably the reason as to why the US supported the authoritarian regime in Guatemala which was renewed by the inauguration of President Reagan in 1981 while on contrary; they fought the authoritarian right-wing regime in Nicaragua. Summary The US relation with Nicaragua was the most conspicuous among Central American countries (Burgerman 1998 p273). The US relations with Guatemala and El Salvador were the exact opposite of its relations with Nicar agua. While the US government supported the Salvadoran and Guatemalan governments against insurgency forces, it openly supported insurgent forces against the Nicaraguan government. Carter’s administration tried to influence the new government which entered power in 1980 through economic assistance for emergency aid and reconstruction. However, Reagan entered power in 1981; he halted all the economic support to Nicaragua since Nicaragua pursued communist ideology. Economic sanctions as well as trade embargo were imposed on Nicaragua in 1985 and even convinced Nicaragua’s neighbors to impose trade embargo on Nicaragua. The US government went to the extent of lobbying the World Bank and the IDB against providing loans to Nicaragua. CIA activities included bombings of the transportation and storage facilities such as pipelines, oil tanks as well as launching helicopter assaults on its mining harbors among other activities. According to Burgerman, the US Congress later on r eversed its ban on provision of military support to the Contras militants in 1986 to provide military assistance approximately US$100 million. (Burgerman 1998 p273). Conclusion The US policymakers were very much concerned about the US’s national security especially after the World War II and therefore set out to expand its power and influence in Latin America. It was necessary for them to overcome global political and economic instability, and these are issues that presented a lot of risks to its prosperity and security. To them, the Soviet Union was the source of the economic and political instabilities that they were faced with. The US intervention in any given country was determined by its national interest and ideology and was based on liberalism, its mission and anti-communism. As a result of the cold war the US was desperately trying to gain power and influences in Latin American. And this was showed to the world by the agreement between the US and Soviet Union about re cognizing Latin America as the US’s sphere of influence. Based on different features and conditions of different Latin American countries, US had made different measures and policies to achieve its goal in different time. Different policies have different outcome and impact, and then lead to different effect on bilateral relation among different countries or with one country at different time, so the cold war to a very big extent shaped and influenced the relation between American and Latin America. Reference Brody, Reed. Contra Terror in Nicaragua. Boston: South End Press, 1985. Print. Burgerman, Susan. Making Peace Perform in War-Transition Countries: El Salvador, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. Boston: South End Press, 1998. Print. Chamorro, Cardenal. La Prensa, A Republic of Paper: Freedom House. New York: Rowman Littlefield Publishers Inc, 1988. Print. Francesca, Davis. El Salvador in Pictures. Brookfield, CT: Twenty-First Century Books, 2007. Print. Gilbert, Dennis. Sandinis tas: the party and the revolution. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988. Print. Kriele, Martin. Nicaragua: Das blutende Herz Amerikas. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1986. Print. Leogrande, Leonard. Making the Economy Scream: US economic sanctions against Sandinista Nicaragua. Third World Quarterly,17.2(1993). Nigel, Thomas. Central America WAR 1959-1989. London: Osprey publishing Ltd, 1990. Print. Priestland, David. The Red Flag. London: Penguin books press, 2010. Print. Skidmore, Smith. Modern Latin America. London: Oxford university press, 2005. Print. The Catholic Institute for International Relations. Right to Survive: Human Rights in  Nicaragua. London: The Catholic Institute for International Relations, 1987. Print. Wenchi, Zhu, The communism movement in Latin America. Beijing: DangDaiShiJie Press, 2002. Print. This essay on To what extent did the Cold War shaped the US relations with Latin America? was written and submitted by user Paula Bartlett to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Social Media Essay

Social Media Essay Social Media Essay Michael McDaniels Professor- Pamela Yates English- 1301/63004 8 April 2015 Social media pros and cons How much social media is to much for an adolescent? If we surveyed a hundred people, we will probably get a hundred different answers. The truth of the matter is, we will never know the exact number, but we can determine the pros and cons of the internet. According to Brent Staples, â€Å"the internet was billed as a revolutionary way to enrich our social lives and expand our civic connection†.(Brent Staples, page 445) The internet is diminishing a lot of the social skills of our younger generation. Todays youth will prefer to play video games and surf the web, instead of working out and playing sports. In 10 years from now, we will have more kids obese and less socialable due to social media. Too much social media can take away from family time and will cause problems within the household. Families that engage in frequent activities tends to be more happier and stable. Social media can also have an negative impact on your self esteem. People are always searching the web for ways to improve themselves, whether physical or mentally. People are always trying to be someone else, beside their self and a lot of it has to do with social media. Females are exposing their bodies on instgram and facebook, just for attention. Kids are not reading books anymore, because everything is only a click away on the internet. By failing to read, we are failing to learn. The internet has made everything so much easy in life. Overuse of the internet will hamper your critical thinking skills and people skills. Just like the internet can be bad, it can also be a good thing. Kids who uses the internet for educational purposes have a tendency to develop better learning skills. They will be more advance than their counterpart and more qualified for employment opportunities. The internet is a good way of networking with family and friends you have not seen in a while. The internet can teach you so much in a shorter period of time than any book. To understand a book, you will have to read it entirely, but you can go to the internet and type in summary of that book and it will provide it for you. The internet can be your friend or foe, it all depends on the user. â€Å"According to consumer reports from from 2011more than 7.5 million American kids under the age of 13 have joined Facebook, which technically requires users to be 13 years old to open an account.†(CNN News May 21, 2012). Study has also shown that â€Å"Teenagers text an average of 3,400 times a month†(CNN NEWS May 21, 2012). The report also says that â€Å"too much hypertext and multimedia content has been linked in some kids to limited attention span, lower comprehension, poor focus , greater risk for depression and diminished long- term memory.†(CNN NEWS May 21, 2012) Social media has been helpful in taking criminals off of the streets. People get so caught up Social Media Essay Social Media Essay Social Media At first, Facebook was on board with the experiment. Google (GOOG) was testing a new tool that would let Web sites add a host of new social networking features. Using Google Friend Connect, for example, fans of indie pop musician Ingrid Michaelson could invite their friends, via their Facebook accounts, to join her Web site. Google's tool would let them import their Facebook contacts and then send out the invites to their friends' Facebook feeds. But just days after the trial began on May 12 2011, Facebook "suspended" access for Google Friend Connect, saying it violated privacy terms in its user agreement. Though Facebook says it has "reached out to Google several times about this issue" to work out a solution, the abrupt about-face underscores some of the growing tensions- and blurring lines- between social networks and traditional Web portals, both of which are angling to capitalize on the presumed advertising riches that will come from social media. Indeed, it's been nearly three years since News Corp. (NWS) acquired MySpace, and still no one's answered that $64 gazillion question about who's going to make the real money from the social networking phenomenon. Uncovering the answer will only get harder as sites across the Web add social features, making the definition of social networking ever fuzzier. "In two to three years, the entire Internet is going to be more social," says Brad Garlinghouse, senior vice-president for communications and communities at Yahoo! (YHOO). MySpace and Facebook have, in fact, taken steps that would have you think they're cool with this widening of social media beyond their network walls. In the coming months, both may be aiding and abetting the likes of Google and Yahoo in allowing users to access their profiles, friend lists, and other data for purposes that would steer their ad-viewing eyeballs elsewhere on the Internet. The reasoning behind this apparent openness is simple: Just as AOL's and Prodigy's subscribers ultimately stormed beyond those gated online communities, social network users may not care to confine their socializing to one service. "I think the days of

Common Spelling and Grammar Errors Should You Use Its or Its

Common Spelling and Grammar Errors Should You Use Its or Its According to the readers of my blog, the distinction between it’s (with an apostrophe) and its (without an apostrophe) is the top pet peeve and common error out in the writing world. This article attempts to explain the distinction between the two words and when to use its or its. It’s is a contraction. Most of us have heard of and are familiar with contractions. Here’s how they work: If you want to say â€Å"here is† and be less formal about it, squash the words together and substitute an apostrophe for the last vowel (i) to create heres.   If you want to say â€Å"do not† less formally, squash the words together and substitute an apostrophe for the last vowel (o) to create dont. This process of contraction is how we get many words such as: can’t; doesn’t; aren’t; there’s; and (drumroll please)†¦ it’s! How simple is that? If you want your word to mean â€Å"it is† or â€Å"it has† then just make a contraction: it’s. Examples: It is time for bed. = It’s time for bed. It is a girl! = It’s a girl! It has been raining for days. = It’s been raining for days. These examples seem simple enough. I think where people get flummoxed is when they want a word meaning â€Å"belonging to ‘it.’† â€Å"Its† is possessive. Why is this one confusing? When something belongs to Harry we add an apostrophe after Harry and say it’s Harrys. When something belongs to the barber we add an apostrophe and say it’s the barbers. However, when it comes to saying something belongs to it, the apostrophic form goes out the window, i.e. we do NOT use an apostrophe. Something belonging to it is its. Why is there no apostrophe in its? Note there are other times we do not use an apostrophe to show possession. When something belongs to her we say it’s hers. When something belongs to him we say it’s his; when something belongs to us we say it’s ours and when something belongs to them we say it’s theirs. There are many irregular constructions here. Yet somehow most people don’t make mistakes when it comes to these other possessive forms. It’s its that continues to baffle us. You might notice something in common about all the examples where apostrophes are not used to show possession: they are all a part of speech we refer to as a pronoun. Pronouns are our shortcuts so that we do not have to keep referring to people and things by their name or other descriptor. They are a referential shortcut. They replace, or substitute for, nouns. I will write more about pronouns in a future article where I will talk about the use of â€Å"I and â€Å"me.† For now you can look at  the University of Ottawa’s Writing Center grammar page under What Is a Pronoun?, for more information. Some examples of pronouns are he, she, they, you, her, him, us, our, their and its. Here’s your rule to remember: When forming a possessive PRONOUN, do NOT use an apostrophe. Since â€Å"it† is a pronoun, we do NOT put an apostrophe after it to make it possessive. Just as you would not write â€Å"her’s† or â€Å"our’s,† do not write â€Å"it’s† when you are intending to show possession. Another trick is to remember the phrase Its raining apostrophes! This sentence means It is raining apostrophes, so you can remember that when you mean it is, you should use its, with an apostrophe. It’s my fervent hope this article has cleared up some common misperceptions and that its contents will be distributed widely by its readers! If you or someone you know needs writing or editing assistance, contact The Essay Expert. We can help clear up any apostrophe problems youre having.

How Parthian Kingship Evolved and Developed Essay

How Parthian Kingship Evolved and Developed - Essay Example The essay "How Parthian Kingship Evolved and Developed" talks about the royal image of the Parthian kings the study of which has been aided through the study of the coins of the earlier Arsacids in the mid-second century BCE. When it comes to royal identity display, Mithradates used various ways to legitimize their rule through certain identity projection. Dynastic legitimization enabled him to get attached to the former rulers in the Arsacid line. With this regard, Mithridates managed to show that he was rational next in line. Through idolizing his father and not Arsaces I, he was guaranteed of a godly ancestor. Through his usage of the Arsacid name, he managed to position himself in the line of the Parthian empire development. As a result, it gave Mithradates a firm identity as a Parthian, whereas allowing other communication means and culture open. It is viewed that the obverse faced similar way as obverses of the Seleucid faced. The diadem in various cultures had a meaning was adopted by Mithradates connected him with distanced him from the population of the Greek. The symbol of the beard was a vow for victory among the Parthian culture. Parthian coinage transformed from the traditional shape to something meaningful for Seleucid coinage and use of other cultural symbols to appeal to a greater audience. For this to work, certain conditions had to be fulfilled. The cultural elements had to be known by the targeted people and that the occupants of the empire were required to associate with their ruler.

PORTFOLIO THEORY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

PORTFOLIO THEORY - Essay Example One of the important implications of the efficient market hypothesis is that portfolio selection does not make for superior investment results; rather, the achievement of high returns is more properly related to the additional risk than to superior stock-selection ability. Although many fundamental and technical analysts would want to take issue with this claim, still many theoreticians believe that this is correct and would be able to cite empirical research findings to support their views. When considering risk, one would want to consider different scenarios about the future and assign probabilities to each one. Normally, companies would thrive when the economy is booming. But there are exceptions. For example, some investments would fare badly during during recessions , and others would thrive under such conditions (such as gold production). It is a good idea, therefore to give weights to alternative possible scenarios and to arrive at a single figure called the Expected Value. Risk for any stock or security is measured by the standard deviation around a given expected value. Where there is wide dispersion of possible outcomes, the standard deviation would be larger, implying more risks. It is common knowledge that the greater the variability of returns, the less certain the actual outcomes would be; so one would prefer less dispersion and variability in the returns for a particular stock. The single figure called the standard deviation provides a clue as to the risk of a particular stock, and stocks could therefore be compared on the basis of its size. For two-asset portfolio of a stock (or projects, as deal with in the attached case), one tries to obtain, firstly the weighted average of the expected returns, and, secondly, the portfolio standard deviation. The two stocks that are combined will interact in such a way that the risk of the two-asset

Toyota Recall Essay Example for Free

Toyota Recall Essay They have concluded that a precision-cut steel reinforcement bar (Consumer FAQ, 2010) needs to be installed on the pedal for it to eliminate any unnecessary friction that is causing the pedals to stick. Toyota is ensuring that the installation of the steel reinforcement bar is a permanent fix and will eliminate the tension between the two surfaces and the pedals will no longer stick. Toyota has also done the following to reach their customers and take care of the recall issue: 1 . They have mailed letters to all owners of vehicles involved in the recall. The letter contains specific instructions on what to do to get their vehicles fixed. 2. Many Toyota dealerships have extended their service hours in order to meet the needs of the consumers. 3. Within those dealerships they are working to improve customer relations by expediting repairs, offering free car washes, oil changes and follow up maintenance service. 4. In order to support its dealerships Toyota has provided financial help to cover any additional costs related to the recalls. All with the end consumer in mind. They want their customers to be able to resolve the issue as quickly and conveniently as possible. 5. Toyota has put together informational videos, campaigns and press releases describing the problem and advising their customers of the risks associated with the recall and advising them of quick a solution. 6. They are working closely with CTS on future manufacturing processes to avoid any additional problems. Overall, yes I think Toyota is handling the problem to the best of their ability and ssues and are guaranteeing that their simple fix to their poor design is a permanent fix. They are working with CTS to improve the design and future manufacturing practices for their parts. They are supporting their dealerships, doing what they can to keep the customers involved and informed of new findings. They are putting their customers first. I do think their efforts are limited; they can only fix so many cars at a time, I believe Toyota will be more selective on who they choose to manufacture their parts from now on. Like the old saying says you live you learn Toyota was focused n becoming the number one automaker in the world and once it obtained the title it may have forgotten why they became the number one automaker in the world, which was quality. In my opinion they are handling the problem with class and integrity. Once you fall all you can do is get up and keep walking and that is exactly what Toyota is doing. This recall only affected 8 of their Toyota models, not any others or other lines such as their Lexus brand or their scion.

Pro-Child / Pro-Choice: An Exercise in Doublethink? by Judith A. Boss E

In her essay â€Å"Pro-Child / Pro-Choice: An Exercise in Doublethink?† Judith A. Boss deconstructs the argument supporting legalized abortion on the basis that it is beneficial to children in general. Boss presents the oft-used slogan of the pro-choice position, â€Å"Pro-Child / Pro-Choice†. She maintains that this slogan seems closely related to â€Å"newspeak†, which she characterizes as â€Å"†¦vocabulary pared down to a minimum so that whole ideologies are expressed in a single slogan†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (156-7). The term â€Å"newspeak† comes from George Orwell’s 1984. In the novel, these simplistic slogans serve to perpetuate â€Å"doublethink†, which entails, as Orwell writes, â€Å"holding two contradictory beliefs in one’s mind simultaneously and accepting both of them† (156). Boss also explains, â€Å"Doublethink is maintained by a refusal to examine the assumptions and facts supporting one’s beliefsâ₠¬  (156). In order to weaken the pro-child/pro-choice position, Boss begins by presenting the â€Å"assumptions and facts† supporting it. Boss states that the basic assumption behind the pro-child /pro-choice position is the belief that â€Å"†¦the exclusion of humans prior to birth from the protection of the moral and legal community, thereby leaving the choice of carrying a pregnancy to term entirely up to the woman, benefits children† (157). Boss creates two categories of children and presents the possible benefits that abortion-on-demand provides. The first category, the unborn child, benefits because his or her â€Å"†¦ abortion will spare him or her a life of misery† (157). On the other hand, the second category, the born child, benefits because he or she â€Å"can enjoy a higher quality of life and paternal love unhindered by the presence of burdensome siblings who were... ...recognizes that the true utility that legalized abortion serves may lie in the benefits that it presents to women and that those benefits may appear in the form of social empowerment. It does seem that since 1973, women have been able to empower themselves in the occupational realm. However, Boss leads us to ask ourselves if this professional empowerment of women has come at any cost. In order to understand the true utility of allowing abortion-on-demand, one must weigh all the consequences it creates. It seems though that we have not appropriately measured the consequences of ensuring abortion-on-demand. Questions: How is doublethink mutually exclusive with the correct use of utilitarian theory? What positive consequences, if any, come from ensuring abortion-on-demand? How does one ensure that every child is a healthy child? Is it even possible?

Final Project: Analyzing Financial Statements

The disadvantages of line item budgeting, according to Martin (2001) line-item budgets say nothing about how much service a human service agency provides, the cost of that service, the number of outcomes the agency accomplished, or their attendant costs. Another disadvantage is it limits the ability to aka change decisions as the environment and conditions change. For the most part, a line item budget is simple to read. The purpose of Performance budgeting system is to plan, budget and evaluate emphasis in relationships between money budgeted and services and or results expected.The advantages and disadvantages of performance budgeting system are they give information on the amount of services provided by an agency and the program costs, including estimation of the cost per output per unit AT service. I en Lastingness AT performance Educating system are It is not always reliable. In some organization, the performance budget system is depended up other departments input in order to kn ow the output for the agency. If one-department documents are available or inaccurate, it can throw off the entire performance system.The purpose of program budgeting system is it gives insight to the effectiveness of an agency. It also relates outcome to inputs. The major advantages of program budgeting systems are that (a) they provide information on the amount of (client) outcomes achieved by a human service program and the attendant costs, including determination of cost per outcome, and (b) they raise the bevel of debate from service and efficiency concerns to clients and effectiveness concerns. The disadvantages are it is difficult to measure the outcome of performance.With program budgeting systems, the debate is on effectiveness concerns (what happens to clients in terms of outcomes), not on line items or efficiency considerations. Program budgeting systems represent one way of personalizing that most elusive of all human service and social work goals: maintaining a client f ocus, Martin, (2001). Two types of traditional approaches to fund development that are appropriate for the EX. Corporation are Grant writing and undersides. In writing a grant proposal, one has to be precise in the what and why he/she is requesting a grant.In many cases a fundraiser can and will meet the needs of an organizations. Two types of nontraditional approaches to fund development that are appropriate for the EX. Corporation are A Walk-A-Thong fundraiser is one way of raising funds for PH. ; Location – Most colleges will allow walk-a-thong on their campuses as long as the date does not conflict with any other events they may have scheduled. ; Date – Check dates in the community to make sure there are no conflicting dates to hinder the outcome of the walk-a-thong outcome. ; Food & Drinks – although it is a walk-a-thong, people will need food and drinks to keep up their strength.Solicit area grocery stores for fruits and things for sandwiches as well as dr inks, such as water and Juices. ; Print up and pass out boosters. Boosters are sheets of paper that people sign stating their pledge amounts as well as their names. Soliciting funds from local area businesses may be another way to raise funds for PH. ; Organize a team of individuals who are willing to either make phone calls to different businesses in the area, asking for donations or send a am out into the community personally soliciting funds from area businesses.Since most people enjoy dinner, dancing and conversations, one method I would use would be a Pasta Dinner Fundraiser. Steps into making this a success are: ; Choose a Date – Check school calendars, holidays, major town events, and other organizations so there is no conflict with other events that could potentially affect the outcome of dinner. ; Location – Seek out a place that will donate space for the event, such as a church or school. ; Advertise – Sell Tickets in advance. Make posters and post the m in noticeable areas. ;The Food – Solicit food or paper good donations from area groceries, Italian restaurants (sauce), bread stores, and grocery stores. In soliciting for food, products include drinks, such as coffee, soft drinks, creamers, sugar substitutes as well as sugars. ; The Ambiance – Solicit music: search for a DC or a band to play for the event. Solicit area businesses for prizes and sell raffle ticket, Brewer (2011). If calculations are correct, EX. Corporation financial status is in good standing. If they continue on ten path teen are on, Ana malignant tenet annual average organization should continue to provide services for those in need.

Behavioural and emotional disorders in childhood Essay

These are a group of psychological conditions that manifest people from childhood, causing impairment in selective parts of the body. The ICD-10 commonly refers to them as Specific Disorders of Psychological Development (Lord et.al, 2012 p.306). These disorders include language, learning, speech, motor, neurodevelopment, and autism. Others that can loosely be classified as developmental impairments include schizophrenia and antisocial behavior (Lord et.al, 2012 p.307). These conditions are present from childhood and depending on the stage of diagnosis, and they improve as the toddler develops. Most of them are diagnosed under the age of 9 when those surrounding a child notice defects or certain inabilities in comparison to children of the same age. these are a group of psychological conditions that manifest people from childhood causing impairment in selective parts of the body. the icd-10 commonly refers to them as specific disorders of psychological development lord et.al 2012 p.306 these disorders include language learning speech motor neurodevelopment and autism. others that can loosely be classified as developmental impairments include schizophrenia and antisocial behaviThese are a group of psychological conditions that manifest people from childhood, causing impairment in selective parts of the body. The ICD-10 commonly refers to them as Specific Disorders of Psychological Development (Lord et.al, 2012 p.306). These disorders include language, learning, speech, motor, neurodevelopment, and autism. Others that can loosely be classified as developmental impairments include schizophrenia and antisocial behavior (Lord et.al, 2012 p.307). These conditions are present from childhood and depending on the stage of diagnosis, and they improve as the toddler develops. Most of them are diagnosed under the age of 9 when those surrounding a child notice defects or certain inabilities in comparison to children of the same age. There is no specific cause of these disorders, apart from existing theories that are used to draw scientific hypotheses. The most significant characteristics in play involve genetic composition and environmental factors that disrupt the normal human development process and create abnormalities. According to research on of the theory states that stress or trauma during the early childhood period can cause developmental disorders.What causes the autism spectrum disorders. The disease was first described in the mid-20th century by a psychiatrist known as Leo Kanner (McPartland & Dawson, 2015 p.127). He stated that autism was an inborn defect without a definite causative factor, and detected in children from as early as a few weeks after birth to three years of age. Recent research attributes the disease to biology, naming hereditary factors and the pre and peri-natal environments as the greatest influencing factors. Autism spectrum refers to a variety of conditions that are classified as neurodevelopmental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). These diseases include Asperger Syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, autism, and pervasive development disorder not otherwise specified, abbreviated as PDD-NOS (Lord et.al, 2012 p.308). Classification of ASD Previous diagnosis manuals classified Asperger’s Syndrome and Autism as different sub-categories of disorders. However, the latest DSM-V manual includes both as a range of a larger disease depending on its severity (Lauritsen, 2013 p.37). People with both syndromes are categorized under the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Secondly, the DSM-5 handbook does not emphasize on the aspect of language delay or the exact age when the disease manifests itself (Lauritsen, 2013 p.37). Instead, it is classified as a neurodevelopmental condition whose symptoms occur in the early childhood stage with possible diagnosis at a later date. The DSM- 5 also changed the impairment areas from three to two namely social communication and behavior (Lauritsen, 2013 p.37). Finally, the clinical presentation of the disease currently uses clinical specifiers to describe ASD (Lord et.al, 2012 p.309). According to scientific study, there are three types of genetic associations of ASD. The first is the familial aggregation of autism common in the siblings of affected ones, and the second category is the genetic combination of other conditions present in the family members of the afflicted children (Lord et.al, 2013 p.4). The third kind of genetic association involves the connection with specific conditions of recognized genetic composition (Yuen et.al, 2015 p.187).or lord et.al 2012 p.307 these conditions are present from childhood and depending on the stage of diagnosis and they improve as the toddler develops. most of them are diagnosed under the age of 9 when those surrounding a child notice defects or certain inabilities in comparison to children of the same age. there is no specific cause of these disorders apart from existing theories that are used to draw scientific hypotheses. the most significant characteristics in play involve genetic composition and environmental factors that disrupt the normal human development process and create abnormalities. according to research on of the theory states that stress or trauma during the early childhood period can cause developmental disorders.what causes the autism spectrum disorders the disease was first described in the mid-20th century by a psychiatrist known as Leo Kanner McPartland Dawson 2015 p.127 he stated that autism was an inborn defect without a definite causative factor and detected in children from as early as a few weeks after birth to three years of age. recent research attributes the disease to biology naming hereditary factors and the pre and peri-natal environments as the greatest influencing factors. autism spectrum refers to a variety of conditions that are classified as neurodevelopmental disorders in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders DSM-5 these diseases include Asperger syndrome childhood disintegrative disorder autism and pervasive development disorder not otherwis e specified abbreviated as pdd-nos lord et.al 2012 p.308 classification of asd previous diagnosis manuals classified Aspergers syndrome and autism as different sub-categories of disorders. however the latest DSM-v manual includes both as a range of a larger disease depending on its severity Lauritsen 2013 p.37 people with both syndromes are categorized under the autism spectrum disorder and secondly the DSM-5 handbook does not emphasize on the aspect of language delay or the exact age when the disease manifests itself, Lauritsen, 2013 p.37 instead it is classified as a neurodevelopmental condition whose symptoms occur in the early childhood stage with possible diagnosis at a later date. the DSM- 5 also changed the impairment areas from three to two namely social communication and behavior Lauritsen 2013 p.37 finally the clinical presentation of the disease currently uses clinical specifiers to describe and lord et.al 2012 p.309 according to scientific study there are three types of genetic associations of asd. the first is the familial aggregation of autism common in the siblings of affected ones and the second category is the genetic combination of other conditions present in the family members of the afflicted children lord et.al 2013 p.4 the third kind of genetic association involves the connection with specific conditions of recognized genetic composition yuen et.al 2015 p.187 There is no specific cause of these disorders, apart from existing theories that are used to draw scientific hypotheses. The most significant characteristics in play involve genetic composition and environmental factors that disrupt the normal human development process and create abnormalities. According to research on of the theory states that stress or trauma during the early childhood period can cause developmental disorders.What causes the autism spectrum disorders. The disease was first described in the mid-20th century by a psychiatrist known as Leo Kanner (McPartland & Dawson, 2015 p.127). He stated that autism was an inborn defect without a definite causative factor, and detected in children from as early as a few weeks after birth to three years of age. Recent research attributes the disease to biology, naming hereditary factors and the pre and peri-natal environments as the greatest influencing factors. Autism spectrum refers to a variety of conditions that are classified as neurodevelopmental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). These diseases include Asperger Syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, autism, and pervasive development disorder not otherwise specified, abbreviated as PDD-NOS (Lord et.al, 2012 p.308). Classification of ASD Previous diagnosis manuals classified Asperger’s Syndrome and Autism as different sub-categories of disorders. However, the latest DSM-V manual includes both as a range of a larger disease depending on its severity (Lauritsen, 2013 p.37). People with both syndromes are categorized under the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Secondly, the DSM-5 handbook does not emphasize on the aspect of language delay or the exact age when the disease manifests itself (Lauritsen, 2013 p.37). Instead, it is classified as a neurodevelopmental condition whose symptoms occur in the early childhood stage with possible diagnosis at a later date. The DSM- 5 also changed the impairment areas from three to two namely social communication and behavior (Lauritsen, 2013 p.37). Finally, the clinical presentation of the disease currently uses clinical specifiers to describe ASD (Lord et.al, 2012 p.309). According to scientific study, there are three types of genetic associations of ASD. The first is the familial aggregation of autism common in the siblings of affected ones, and the second category is the genetic combination of other conditions present in the family members of the afflicted children (Lord et.al, 2013 p.4). The third kind of genetic association involves the connection with specific conditions of recognized genetic composition (Yuen et.al, 2015 p.187).

tom clancys rainbow six essays

tom clancys rainbow six essays Characters: John Clark an ex Navy Seal, and two other characters Alistair Stanley the executive commander of Rainbow Six, and Domingo (Ding) Chavez, the captain of team two. There are two other insignificant characters Clarks wife sandy and is daughter Patsy Who is married to Ding, Patsy is pregnant. The other main character is Dimitriy Arkadeyevich Popov; he is an ex KGB agent who is now working as a special consultant. He will become a very important character later in the story. The boss (sorry I forgot his name) owner of a multi-national Pharmaceutical company all around bad guy. Plot: Clark is the commander and in charge of starting a new European anti-terrorist group called Rainbow Six. Rainbow Six is split into two teams; team one and team two. These teams are the best there is. They are based in Hereford, England, but any European country can call on them at any time. They run three miles in twenty minutes, every mourning at six am. Only one team is on-call at a time. The team that is not on call will be doing live fire practices. In the first six months of being operational they are called on three times. The first incident happens in a Swiss bank where terrorists taken control. They also have a hostage. Team two successfully takes them out, with only one hostage killed (he had already been killed before they got there). The first mission helps to organize them and fix a few holes in there planning. The second mission is in Germany; an international trader is taken hostage in his mansion. This mission goes too well, thanks to the snipers. No hostage deaths, but all the terrorists are killed. The last mission is they are called upon is in Spain, where a team of terrorists take an amusement park and thirty children. They demand their leader, a man named Jackal be released from prison (he was the guy who took the Swiss b ...

The Role of Theatron in Greek Theatre

The Role of Theatron in Greek Theatre The theatron (plural theatra) is the word referring to the seating area section of an ancient Greek, Roman, and Byzantine theater. The theatron is one of the earliest and most pronounced parts of ancient theaters. In fact, some scholars argue it is the most significant part of Greek and Roman theatrical structures, the part that defines them. Theatra in Classical Greek and Roman theaters are spectacular forms of architecture, built of circular or semi-circular rows of seating in stone or marble, each row increasing in height. The earliest Greek theaters date to the 6th to 5th centuries CE, and they included theatra  in rectangular sections of seating made of wooden bleachers called  ikria. Even in this rudimentary state, the theatron was a crucial part of a theater, drawing attention to the audience and providing a place where many people could be housed to be addressed or entertained. The Greek playwright Aristophanes mentions the theatron in each of his extant plays, particularly when the actors address the audience directly.   Other Meanings of Theatron Other definitions of theatron include the people themselves. Like the word church, which can refer to both an architectural structure or the people who use it, the theatron can mean both the seats and the seated. The word theatron also refers to seating or standing areas built over springs or cisterns, so spectators could come and view the waters and watch the mysterious vapors rise. Whether or not you consider the  theatron  a defining part of a theater, the seating area is certainly why those ancient theaters are so recognizable to every one of us today. Sources Bosher K. 2009. To Dance in the Orchestra: A Circular Argument. Illinois Classical Studies(33-34):1-24.Chowen RH. 1956. The Nature of Hadrians Theatron at Daphne. American Journal of Archaeology 60(3):275-277.Dilke OAW. 1948. The Greek Theatre Cavea. The Annual of the British School at Athens 43:125-192.Marciniak P. 2007. Byzantine Theatron - A Place of Performance? In: Grà ¼nbart M, editor. Theatron: Rhetorische Kultur in Sptantike und Mittelalter / Rhetorical Culture in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. p 277-286.

Language of Advertising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Language of Advertising - Essay Example The entire goal of an advertisement is to inform someone of a product or service. Advertising also tells a reader something that they do not already know and through the use of design, captures attention. Advertising is primarily used, however, to create a cause and effect relationship between the company or business that placed the advertisement and then a reaction that is done by someone that saw the advertisement. O'Neill acknowledges that an advertisement will not work unless, â€Å"it captures our attention,† (O'Neill, 2006, 125). Advertising attempts to get people to do something or consider something that they normally would not without the additional information. Language in advertising is very important. The wording, as well as the design, can make or break the advertisement. In the case of a print advertisement, it is generally the aesthetic design and appeal of the visual advertisement itself which captures the attention of the reader. Next, it is the message that m ust captivate and compel the reader into taking action. That is why language is so important. In some ways, it can manipulate and in others it can persuade. The message makes the whole difference. O'Neill said that there were types of languages that were usually displayed in an advertisement such as a promise, a headline, sex appeal, a testimonial or a payoff statement (O'Neill, 2006). . None of these descriptions really tell how the language of the advertisement in question works. It makes a claim that it is â€Å"better† at something but that is it. Wording must be simple is the first part of the thesis. First off, words must be simple enough and grammatically correct so that a person can read them. A person needs to keep their advertisement simple so that it appeals to the reader. If the reader has to look up a word in a dictionary just to determine the meaning of the advertisement, then the ad is completely a lost cause. While looking at the advertisement of choice, it sa ys, â€Å"No other gasoline protects better. The Shell Nitrogen Enriched Advantage.† This simply states that the Shell petroleum products are better than the others. They seem to have a project that they want to promote to sell the nitrogen enriched segment. The way that this is worded is easy. There is nothing to look up and it is obvious what company is promoting the advertisement and does not provide any other information. Saying less words is more is another segment of the thesis at hand. Clearly, â€Å"No other gasoline protects better. The Shell Nitrogen Enriched Advantage,† statement clearly sums it up. In fact, it sums it up so much that it really does not do anything compelling. There is no description. There is no reason why and there is no instruction as to what the Shell Nitrogen Enriched Advantage is. Most people are to take action when a statement like this is offered but in this case, they would need to know what that means. The name Shell is a petroleum and fuel company that provides gasoline. Nitrogen enriched makes it sound as though the product is environmentally friendly. However, the details are almost too vague. As a reader, there is nothing about it that makes a clear memorable statement. The third part of the thesis would be to use call to action phrases. This is another area where this advertisement fails miserably. All it does is state a fact. â€Å"No other gasoline protects better.† So what? This is more of a branding technique style advertisement than it is an urge for someone to jump to action and actually do something. One thing that the advertiseme

Accounting - breakeven analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Accounting - breakeven analysis - Essay Example Thus this analysis becomes quite useful in calculating the profit, loss and the break-even point at different sales levels and also helps managers and analysts to calculate the number of units that need to be sold in order to recover the product’s production costs. Break-even analysis is also very useful for small businesses because it can help the owner or the manager of the business to assess the change in prices of the products being sold or a decrease or increase in the costs which have a direct effect on the breakeven analysis and the profitability of the small business. The break-even analysis is especially useful when deciding order quantities or when making pricing decisions. It allows the firm to be able to set a price which shall help it maximize its margin of safety. Break-even analysis also influences marketing decisions. The firm can set a desired profit level which it hopes to achieve within a particular period and then, with the help of the break-even analysis, identify the number of units that need to be sold in order to achieve the desired level of profitability and direct its marketing efforts in order to achieve these sales levels. Break-even analysis can also help the small business owners in making crucial decision like hir ing or firing employees or maybe expanding the business to gain greater market share and help increase the company’s profitability. It can also help the owner in deciding in whether to purchase additional machinery or equipment for the business. Since it projects fixed costs and variable costs separately as well as together, business owners can take the help of this analysis when making critical decisions such as those relating to capital expenditure. Break-even analysis model is very simple to use as the user of this model can easily change the inputs to compute the break-even point. For example if an owner predicts that in the next month the variable cost will increase by 5% so, the owner can easily use this model and see how many more units need to be sold to reach the break-even point for the next month. Similarly is the case with an increase in Rent, which increases the fixed cost. Hence the owner, keeping price and variable costs constant, can predict the number of unit s needed to be sold if there is an increase in the fixed cost of the business. Alternatively, the break-even analysis can be used to identify rising costs and help the management in deciding how to cut down on variable or fixed costs. There are however a few flaws to the break-even analysis. Break-even analysis is only useful to a certain extent as it assumes that all outputs produced in a period are sold which may not be the case in real-life situations. The break-even model is also very simplistic in nature and considers all inputs constant which may not be the case in the real world. However, the break-even model has some assumptions which make it less accurate in determining the break-even quantity. It assumes that the selling price and the variable cost will remain constant. However, for small businesses this rarely happens. So, we then use the average selling price which

Rewriting a Disertation proposal Problem Statement Essay

Rewriting a Disertation proposal Problem Statement - Essay Example There have been a number of issues that lead to the marriages breaking up and ending up as divorces. The main question that needs to be answered is the techniques and steps taken by the Christian couples to sustain the long term marriages and the romance in their relationships. The main focus and problem that is aimed at being answered is the issues that the Christian couples have been through and how they navigate out of the issues and form a strong and strong committed relationship. Also another one of the main issues that have been faced in the current times is the weight that people give to various factors like fear, religious duties, companionate love and passionate love and the relationship that these have to the romance that people share with their better half. The reason why love develops between couples can provide a basis upon which continuing appreciation and admiration can support the marriage. The paper provides a clear understanding of the issues that are faced each day and the research brings out how couples have worked through their issues to resolve the problems and sustain their romance in the long term successful

Relationship Between Skeletal and Muscular System

Relationship Between Skeletal and Muscular System Locomotion of the human body is a result from the alternate contractions and expansion of the muscles[1]. These contractions are generally caused by conversion of chemical energy to forces and moments therefore creating[1]. Based on the properties of muscles (structural and contractile), the muscular system of the human body is classified into three categories ; skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle.[1 2]. In this essay the anatomical structure, contraction mechanism and also a disease of the skeletal muscle is explained. Generally in the human body nearly 40-45% of the total body weight comprises of the skeletal muscles and the rest 10% is made up of the of smooth muscles[2]. These muscles help keeping the skeleton intact by distributing the external or internal loads evenly across the joints which are held by tendons that help in the transmission of force muscles to the bones or joints, thus providing strength for human motion[1]. Skeletal muscle is surrounded by a membrane called the epimysium, which consists of bundles of fascicles enveloped by a dense tissue called the perimysium[12]. These fascicles are made up of individual structural units that are long, cylindrically shaped multinucleated cells called muscle fibres[2]. The diameter of the muscle fibres varies from 1- 100ÃŽÂ ¼m and has average length of 20cm[2]. Each muscle fibre is subdivided into thousands of myofibrils that are packed together in the form of cylindrical bundles by a thin membrane called sarcolemma[1,2 3]. Skeletal Muscles cannot be repaired in case of any damage but satellite cells which are located beneath the basal lamina of the myofibers have the ability to form new muscle fibres however the strength will not be same as the old skeletal muscle[4]. The myofibrils consists of many repeating units along its length called sarcomeres which is made up of thick and thin filaments of varying size having contractile proteins called actin and myosin respectively[1,2 3]. According to nuclear magnetic resonance studies the structure of the actin was found to be ÃŽÂ ±-helical in shape but certain other experiments using scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM) prove that actin appears to be double helical in structure[5]. Thick filaments on the other hand is made up of protein molecules called myosin with an average molecular weight 200,000[6]. The thick and the thin filaments are arranged in a parallel pattern in a sarcomere as given in figure 2 this gives to the rise of dark bands called the A-bands which lie in the central region of the sarcomere[12]. The darkness in this band is because of the presence of the thick filaments and the overlapping of the thin filaments. The thin filaments are connected to the Z line, which is made up of complex and dense protein structures. These Z lines have an unique property of not allowing easily the passage of light. Another set of bands is the I bands, these are gener ally light bands because of the presence of thin filaments and they lie generally between the A band and the Z line. Titin molecules are polypeptide chains that link the Z line with the myosin filaments in this region and center them in a sarcomere[1,27]. These titin molecules is responsible for generation of a passive force upon application of any load [7]. The striated appearance of the skeletal muscle is because of the presence of these bands. Some additional structures that are present are the H zone and the M line. The H zone lies in the centre of the A band and this region consists of only thick filaments. This zone is bisected by a relatively narrow band called the M line which is a result of the cross linking of proteins with the central region of the thick filaments. Recent studies which used electron micrographs to determine the ultrastructure of the M line it was found that the M line had a width of 750 A and the thickness of the M line was large as a result the opacity o f this line was high[8]. The Neuromuscular junction The neuromuscular junction is the site of action of motor neuron (somatic efferent neurons) with respect to the muscle fibres. The axon terminal of the motor neuron bifurcates into several smaller branches, each of which forms a junction with the muscle fibre. Thus by this manner a single neuron is able to excite several muscle fibres at the site. The motor neuron and the muscle fibres at the site of the action are together known as the motor unit. The neural impulses from the axon branches are received by the muscle fibre at a site known as the motor end plate. The junction comprising of the axon terminal and the motor end plate together form the neuromuscular junction. The axon terminal contains a neurotransmitters (acetylcholine ( ACh)) in vesicles similar to those found at synaptic junctions. The nerve plasma membrane is triggered by an action thereby opening the voltage sensitive calcium channels and allowing the calcium ions to diffuse into the axon terminal. The calcium ions bind to proteins and cause the release of ACh from the axon terminals into the muscle fibers. The diffusing ACh binds to the receptors located in the motor end plate and causes the opening of the ionic channels. The opening of the ionic channels causes the movement of sodium and potassium ions, due to the differential electrochemical gradient there is a higher influx of sodium than the efflux of potassium causing a local depolarization of the motor end plate which is called as end plate potential. The motor end plate has an enzyme known as acetylcholinestrase which causes the breakdown of ACh. The ACh bound in the receptors is in equilibrium with the free Ach present in cleft between the axon terminal and the skeletal muscle fibre. Acetylcholinestrase causes the fall in concentration of free ACh by breakdown, thus less amount of ACh is there to bind with receptors. The moment the receptors do not contain bound ACh the ion channels in the end plate close. Thus causing the depolarised end plate to return to its resting potential so that it can respond the arrival of Ach which would be released by the next nerve action potential. The axon terminals are located at the centre of the muscle fibre and thus with the generation of muscle action potential the wave of excitation travels bidirectionally towards the end of the fibre. Sliding Filament Mechanism Actin is globular in structure and hence when these single polypeptide chain polymerizes with other actin molecules forms a helical structure with a myosin binding site. Hence along with tropomyosin and troponin regulatory proteins these molecules together form a thin filament (see fig.4). Myosin molecules on the other hand comprises of two golf club like structures that are facing in the opposite direction hence these club heads are called myosin cross bridges (see Fig.5). During shortening of the length these myosin cross bridges hook on to the myosin binding sites in the actin molecules and pull the thin filaments towards the M line of each sarcomere. These filaments upon overlapping form arcs around the fixed poistion of the sarcomer. The length of I bands and the H zones keeps decreasing and finally reaches the minimum during the sliding of the filaments .During contraction the length of the sarcomere depends on the movement of these molecules hence the length of the sarcomere decreases with the increase in contraction. This process of filament sliding is repeated many times to complete contraction of the muscle. The following figure (see Fig.6) shows the overlapping of the thick and thin filaments in a sarcomere. According to the sliding filament theory the muscle contraction process is due to the release of calcium ions. These ions are released by the lateral sacs in the sarcoplasmic reticulum when an action potential triggers the transverse T- tubules. Troponin and tropomyosin molecules prevent the overlapping of the actin and the myosin molecules before the release of the calcium ion. Upon release the calcium ions bind on to troponin complex to causing a shift and exposing the active site so that myosin cross bridges can be formed. Now the myosin is activated by the release of the calcium ions and breaks down in to ATP (adenosine triphosphate) ,ADP (adenosine diphosphate), inorganic element (Pi) releases energy. This energy is used by myosin heads to pull the actin myofilaments along so that these filaments slide over each other thus cross bridges break at on site and attach at the other causing the muscle to contract. The contraction cycle ends when there is no action potential propagatin g through the T-tubules. As a result of which the calcium release channels are closed and the remaining calcium ions are pumped out of the sarcoplasemic reticulum. The troponin-tropomyosin complex returns to it original position and blocks the myosin binding site on actin. Thus the cross bridge movement ceases and the muscle relaxes. The above process is explained in figure 7 which gives the sequence of operations that are involved in muscle contraction. Skeletal Muscle Disease- Muscular Dystrophy Skeletal muscle diseases are of many types which affect the normal movement and posture of the human body. This may be because of the loss of contractile properties of the muscle (myopathy) or the nervous system that is involved in contraction of the muscle (neuropathy). This disease taken into consideration here is muscular dystrophy. Muscular dystrophy is the name given to a group of genetic muscle related disorder, characterized typically by muscle fibre degeneration. Generally about 1 in 3500 boys are affected and in the UK nearly around 100 boys are born of these disease[A,C] The most common among the group of disorders is the Duchenne muscular dystrophy and the myotonic muscular dystrophy . Usually it is more common in males since the disorder is carried on the recessive sex chromosome (X chromosome). The sex chromosomes in males is made up of X and Y chromosomes, hence a disorder in anyone of the two would cause the genetic disorder to appear. However in females the sex chromosomes comprise of a pair of X chromosomes, thus a genetic disorder would not appear unless both the X chromosomes carry a disorder. The most common symptoms seen in muscular dystrophy are Scoliosis (the bending of the spine in a S pattern), inability to walk hence the balancing of the body is not proper, calf pain and improper gait. The following figure (Fig.8) shows the symptoms of muscular dystrophy. These symptoms are diagnosed by measuring the high level of a certain enzyme called creatine kinase in the blood. Some other techniques include DNA testing and muscle biopsy. According to the recent findings it was found that certain biochemicals like dystrophin, merosin and adhalin were found deficient when diagnosed for muscular dystrophy[B]. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most serious and the most common type of dystrophies. In this dystrophy the Xp21 position part of the X chromosome arm carries the disorder and the gene that is encoded is dystrophin,. This protein is either absent or non functional in this disease. Normally patients suffering from this disease have a life expectancy of 25 years which can improve depending on the quality of treatment received so as to reduce the development of respiratory problems which may lead eventually to death. Most of the patients die at an early age because of the car diacmyopathy. According to certain statistical studies done on the survival rate of duschenne muscular dystrphy it was found that the survival rate has increased from 14.4 years in the 1960s to 25.3 years in the 1990s but the occurrence of cardiacmyopathy has decreased the years to 16.9. Its also found that a drastic increase in percentage of survival rate from 0% in 1960s to 53% in 1990s upon good quality treatment.

The Scarlet Letter Essay -- Literary Analysis, Nathaniel Hawthorne

Sin. The word itself is synonymous with evil, shame, and a host of other negative connotations. Everyone sins. Still, each individual copes with his or her sin uniquely. Do they burrow their ignominy inside or do they confess their wrongdoing? Which one is more preferable over the other? Author Nathaniel Hawthorne takes a stab at answering some of these profound life questions in The Scarlet Letter. Through the events that occur in the lives of the characters Roger Chillingworth, Arthur Dimmesdale and Hester Prynn, Hawthorne conveys his opinion that confessing and repenting sin is better than hiding sin. Roger Chillingworth’s character serves to represent the detrimental side effects that are conceived in a life as a result of continuing in sin without confessing. Chillingworth realizes what he has become due to his sinful vengeance when he says, â€Å"No life had been more peaceful and innocent than mine; few lives so rich with benefits conferred. Dost thou remember me? Was I not, though you might deem me cold, nevertheless a man thoughtful for others, craving little for himself, -kind, true, just, and of constant, if not warm affections? And what am I now? I have already told thee what I am! A fiend!† (Hawthorne 118). Roger is enslaved by his desire for revenge towards Dimmesdale, and in doing so, transforms himself from a wise, peaceful man, into a revenge-driven monster. In fact Hawthorne writes that, â€Å"This unhappy man had made the very principle of his life to consist in the pursuit and systematic exercise of revenge†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (177). During Arthu r’s death scene Roger has, â€Å"†¦a blank, dull, countenance, out of which life seemed to have departed† (Hawthorne 175). He also explains that, â€Å"†¦old Roger Chillingworth’s deceas... ...nt as each of the men feel in their own hearts. While Dimmesdale’s extreme depression most likely causes his fatal disease, Chillingworth’s vengeful attitude towards Arthur mutates him into a gargoyle whose sole purpose is to frighten away any joy that may exist in Dimmesdale’s life. On the other hand, Hester emerges victorious in the denouement of the tale, counseling countless other hurting women and successfully raising a daughter, Pearl. There is no doubt that Hawthorne utilizes the incidences in the lives of Arthur, Hester and Roger to illustrate that keeping your sin from the rest of the world is not the way to go, and that, to receive the most from life, like Hester, you must confess your sin. In the words of Nathaniel Hawthorne-â€Å"Be true! Be true! Be true! Show freely to the world, if not your worst, yet some trait whereby the worst may be inferred!† (177).

The Importance of the Concept of Cash Flow

Assignment: The importance of the concept of cash-flow for the business finance Definition: Cash flow is the movement of money into or out of a business, an account or an investment. Normally, when the cash inflow is greater than the cash outflow it is a sign of a good financial situation because cash flow is essential for the survival of a business or even to any individual financial condition. If the company can meet its obligations and keep a healthy inflow of cash it has a healthy situation and the management of the company can invest most of its time in developing the company.There are 3 types of cash-flows: Operating cash-flows, which is the money received or spent as a result of a company’s normal business activities. Investment cash-flows, which is the money received or spent through investing activities and thirdly the financing cash-flows, which is the cash received through debt or paid out as debt repayments. Example: Imagine that you run a shoe factory. Having cash is necessary for your business to flow. If you have cash you can pay your suppliers, your employees and yourself on time and so keep the business flow.Therefore if you, as an individual, receive your pay check, you can pay for all your expenses (e. g. housing, food, utilities, insurance, etc). Here we are speaking about operational cash-flow. Another way of creating cash is if you opt for purchasing and selling assets. This is normally a long term issue that can help your business grow and might lead to a net worth increase. This is called investment cash-flow. There are companies that are specialized in this area that manage funds that invest and divest in property.Finally, a third option you have is financing cash-flows. This includes any cash which comes from loans or other types of other debt that allow you to finance your cash flow. It is also used to finance the down payments made of debts. Conclusion: Based on the above, one understands the importance of managing carefully t he cash-flow and also having capacity to meet emergency situations in order to be protected from unexpected circumstances, be it in a business or personally.To be able to run a company in a healthy way it is important to have a good and open relationship with your banks and secure lines of credit for certain times of the year when there is a delay in the cash inflows and also when there is a specific opportunity that requires cash. Companies that manage their cash flow in a positive way have a much stronger possibility of being successful. An example of an unexpected situation, and for which many are not normally prepared, is the sudden downturn in an economy just like what has happened in Portugal in the past three years.The factors which have had the biggest impact in the financial viability of companies are the inflation rate and above all, the restrictions on access to cash (e. g. : loans). If a business is not able to manage its cash-flow carefully and is not capable of setting aside emergency reserves (access to loans), then in a situation like today it will not be able to finance its cash flows and might enter into default. In some cases more than the economic capacity of a company it is its financial situation that might lead to a bankruptcy.We can then say that having cash is crucial for an entity to survive because companies with ample cash on hand can invest the cash back into the business and so generate more cash and profit. An old saying: â€Å"When the going gets tough, Cash is King! † Bibliography: Marques, Manuel de Oliveira, â€Å"A Importancia do Correcto Entendimento do Conceito de Cashflow para a Analise e a Tomada de Decisoes Financeiras†, Estudos de Economia, vol. IV, n. 4, Jul-Sept 1984. Monica Alvares Ribeiro N? : 120499032

Conflict Can Be Character Building Essay

â€Å"Conflict Can Be Character Building† â€Å"Character building† is such a common phrase and has become a cliche designed to put a positive spin on painful experiences. While it is true to say that conflict is an inevitable aspect of life, it is not true to say that it always results in â€Å"building† people. In fact in some cases it tragically destroys them. While novelists and filmmakers, in particular, build a plotline which neatly introduces conflict, complications and crisis points which always lead to a positive resolution, real life doesn’t work that way. Stand by Me neatly follows this pattern, while real life conflicts such as friendship rifts, religious rivalries and political unrest may never be resolved and destroy many lives. Rob Reiner’s Stand By Me portrays conflict through its narrator and protagonist’s reflections of an important journey he took when he was twelve. It was a journey that helped him confront some of his own internal conflicts regarding the loss of his brother, grief and his relationship with his grieving parents. It also explored the personal conflicts of his peer group and their own internal struggles as well as the conflict they had with family and a rival â€Å"gang†. While Gordy’s â€Å"victory† in finding the body and standing up to Ace is a crisis point in which he emerges as a hero, we are aware that there are still conflicts that have been overlooked in the focus on the one experience. The other characters are glossed over as they return to their unhappy and dysfunctional homes and so too is the fact that the threat of retribution from their rivals. The film is tied up with a content Gordy who conveniently became the writer his older brother always told him he was, had a nice home and happy relationship with his own son and has memories of â€Å"friendship† to cherish. But we need to focus on the most tragic conflict from which his friend Chris does not survive. â€Å"He was stabbed in the throat; he died almost instantly. Although I hadn’t seen him for more than 10 years, I know I’ll miss him forever.† Group conflict is a reality most of us experience on a regular basis.It comes in many forms.It can be about friendship groups, family feuds, school or institutional authority, gang supremacy, sporting, political, religious or racial rivalries in the extreme state of outright war. Individuals and  groups do clash. Sometimes the conflicts are accepted as differences that will never change while other times they ignite violent reactions. Even bullying is seen as a conflict and for those who are truly affected by bullying and inturn suffer a life long struggle with mental health and self esteem-these people do not ‘build character’ whatever person they were has been destroyed. Instead of the polite, outgoing person-a new, changed character has come about and with it is drugs, self harm and eating disorders. Australia has seen many refugees and asylum seekers risking life and limb to reach our shores in an effort to escape conflict. We know that may of them don’t make it – many losing lives at sea and others scarred by the trauma of loss and their journeys. Our community has opened itself to many of the â€Å"lucky† ones who do make it here and yet they will tell you that the conflict in their lives haven’t â€Å"built† them but harmed them. Some have confessed that they will never recover, haunted by their experiences every day is a struggle. They don’t look back and say they are glad for the conflict as it gave them an opportunity to â€Å"build character†. Many people fear conflict with others but fail to consider the harm internal conflict has on them. There is an acceptance in dealing with or being concerned about conflict with others and internal conflicts still seem to be an issue most people are ashamed to acknowledge, much less discuss. True to its name they keep it all internal and wage a struggle on the inside.Internal conflict leads many to suffer silently on a daily basis and rather than build their character it can absolutely warp them and even break them. Depression, substance abuse (drugs and alcohol) as well as self harm, risky behaviours and suicide are all results of internal struggles that have not ended in â€Å"building† but instead ruining character. â€Å"Dealing with one young person’s sexual orientation was such an internal conflict that he turned to drugs and ended up a completely different personality who sadly overdosed. Friends and family just couldn’t understand why it ended so tragically.†- It is not an uncommon story. Character building happens in many ways. Ultimately, It happens through experience, growth, education, love, relationships, travel and support – to name a few. It is wrong to assume that true character growth can only happen  with painful experiences and conflicts. It may be the case that sometimes a conflict teaches us a great deal and can contribute another layer to our character, but it is also more often the case that conflict can start a chain of events that ends in tragedy and has a destructive effect on an individual or groups of people which can even reverberate for generations.