Leo Szilard Biography, Role in Creation of Atomic Bomb

Leo Szilard (1898-1964) was a Hungarian-born American physicist and inventor who played a key role in the development of the atomic bomb. Though he vocally opposed using the bomb in war, Szilard felt it was important to perfect the super-weapon before Nazi Germany. In 1933, Szilard developed the idea of the nuclear chain reaction, and in 1934, he joined with Enrico Fermi in patenting the world’s first working nuclear reactor. He also wrote the letter signed by Albert Einstein in 1939 that convinced U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt of the need for the Manhattan Project to build the atomic bomb. After the bomb had been successfully tested, on July 16, 1945, he signed a petition asking President Harry Truman not to use it on Japan. Truman, however, never received it. Fast Facts: Leo Szilard Full Name: Leo Szilard (born as Leo Spitz)Known For: Groundbreaking nuclear physicistBorn: February 11, 1898, in Budapest, HungaryDied: May 30, 1964, in La Jolla, CaliforniaParents: Louis Spitz and Tekla VidorSpouse: Dr. Gertrud (Trude) Weiss (m. 1951)Education: Budapest Technical University, Technical University of Berlin, Humboldt University of BerlinKey Accomplishments: Nuclear chain reaction. Manhattan Project atomic bomb scientist.Awards: Atoms for Peace Award (1959). Albert Einstein Award (1960). Humanist of the Year (1960). Early Life Leo Szilard was born Leo Spitz on February 11, 1898, in Budapest, Hungary. A year later, his Jewish parents, civil engineer Louis Spitz and Tekla Vidor, changed the family’s surname from the German â€Å"Spitz† to the Hungarian â€Å"Szilard.† Even during high school, Szilard showed an aptitude for physics and mathematics, winning a national prize for mathematics in 1916, the year he graduated. In September 1916, he attended Palatine Joseph Technical University in Budapest as an engineering student, but joined the Austro-Hungarian Army in 1917 at the height of World War I. Portrait of Professor of Biophysics, Institute of Radiobiology and Biophysics, at the University of Chicago Dr Leo Szilard (1898 - 1964), Chicago, Illinois, 1957. PhotoQuest / Getty Images Education and Early Research Forced to return to Budapest to recover from the dreaded Spanish Influenza of 1918, Szilard never saw battle. After the war, he briefly returned to school in Budapest, but transferred to the Technische Hochschule in Charlottenburg, Germany, in 1920. He soon changed schools and majors, studying physics at the Humboldt University of Berlin, where he attended the lectures of no less than Albert Einstein, Max Planck, and Max von Laue. After earning his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Berlin in 1922, Szilard worked as von Laue’s research assistant at the Institute for Theoretical Physics, where he collaborated with Einstein on a home refrigerator based on their revolutionary Einstein-Szilard pump. In 1927, Szilard was hired as an instructor at the University of Berlin. It was there that he published his paper â€Å"On the Decrease of Entropy in a Thermodynamic System by the Intervention of Intelligent Beings,† which would become the basis for his later work on the second law of thermodynamics. The Nuclear Chain Reaction Faced with the threat of the Nazi Party’s anti-Semitic policy and harsh treatment of Jewish academics, Szilard left Germany in 1933. After living briefly in Vienna, he arrived in London in 1934. While experimenting with chain reactions at London’s St. Bartholomews Hospital, he discovered a method of separating the radioactive isotopes of iodine. This research led to Szilard being granted the first patent for a method of creating a nuclear chain reaction in 1936. As war with Germany grew more likely, his patent was entrusted to the British Admiralty to ensure its secrecy. Szilard continued his research at Oxford University, where he intensified his efforts to warn Enrico Fermi of the dangers to humanity of using nuclear chain reactions to create weapons of war rather than to generate energy. The Manhattan Project   In January 1938, with the impending war in Europe threatening his work, if not his very life, Szilard immigrated to the United States, where he continued his research in nuclear chain reactions while teaching at New York’s Columbia University. When news reached America in 1939 that German physicists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann had discovered nuclear fission—the trigger of an atomic explosion—Szilard and several of his fellow physicists convinced Albert Einstein to sign a letter to President Roosevelt explaining the devastating destructive force of an atomic bomb. With Nazi Germany now on the verge of taking over Europe, Szilard, Fermi, and their associates feared what could happen to America if Germany built a working bomb first. Convinced by the Einstein–Szilard letter, Roosevelt ordered the creation of the Manhattan Project, a famed collaboration of outstanding U.S., British, and Canadian scientists dedicated to harnessing nuclear energy for military uses. As a member of the Manhattan Project from 1942 to 1945, Szilard worked as the chief physicist alongside Fermi at the University of Chicago, where they built the world’s first working nuclear reactor. This breakthrough led to the first successful test of an atomic bomb on July 16, 1945, at White Sands, New Mexico. Shaken by the destructive force of the weapon he had helped to create, Szilard decided to dedicate the rest of his life to nuclear safety, arms control, and the prevention of further development of nuclear energy for military purposes. After World War II, Szilard became fascinated by molecular biology and the groundbreaking research being done by Jonas Salk in developing the polio vaccine, eventually helping found the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. During the Cold War, he continued to call for international atomic arms control, the advancement of peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and better U.S. relations with the Soviet Union. Szilard received the Atoms for Peace Award in 1959, and was named Humanist of the Year by the American Humanist Association, and given the Albert Einstein Award in 1960. In 1962, he founded the Council for a Livable World, an organization dedicated to delivering â€Å"the sweet  voice of reason† about nuclear weapons to Congress, the White House, and the American public. The Voice of the Dolphins In 1961, Szilard published a collection of his own short stories, â€Å"The Voice of the Dolphins,† in which he predicts moral and political issues to be triggered by the proliferation of atomic weapons in the year 1985. The title refers to a group of Russian and American scientists who in translating the language of dolphins found that their intelligence and wisdom exceeded that of humans. In another story, â€Å"My Trial as a War Criminal,† Szilard presents a revealing, though fantasized, view of himself standing trial for war crimes against humanity after the United States had unconditionally surrendered to the Soviet Union, after losing a war in which the U.S.S.R. had unleashed a devastating germ warfare program. Personal Life Szilard married physician Dr. Gertrud (Trude) Weiss on October 13, 1951, in New York City. The couple had no known surviving children. Before his marriage to Dr. Weiss, Szilard had been an unmarried life partner of Berlin opera singer Gerda Philipsborn during the 1920s and 1930s. Cancer and Death After being diagnosed with bladder cancer in 1960, Szilard underwent radiation therapy at New York’s Memorial Sloan-Kettering Hospital, using a cobalt 60 treatment regimen Szilard himself had designed. After a second round of treatment in 1962, Szilard was declared cancer-free. The Szilard-designed cobalt therapy is still used for the treatment of many inoperable cancers. During his final years, Szilard served as a fellow at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California, which he had helped to found in 1963. In April 1964, Szilard and Dr. Weiss moved to a La Jolla hotel bungalow, where he died of heart attack in his sleep on May 30, 1964, at age 66. Today, a portion of his ashes is buried in Lakeview Cemetery, Ithaca, New York, alongside those of his wife. Sources and Further Reference Lanoutte, William. Genius in the Shadows: A Biography of Leo Szilard, the Man Behind the Bomb. University of Chicago Press (1992). ISBN-10: 0226468887Leo Szilard (1898-1964). Jewish Virtual LibraryLeo Szilard Papers, 1898-1998. University of California San Diego (1998)Leo Szilard: European Refugee, Manhattan Project Veteran, Scientist. Atomic Heritage Foundation.Jogalekar, Ashutosh. Why the World Needs More Leo Szilards. Scientific American (February 18, 2014).

The Battle Of Gettysburg And The Civil War Essay - 1448 Words

On July 1, 1863, the bloodiest, most gruesome war in American History began. The Battle of Gettysburg was fought in the small town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The Union Army under the command of General George G. Meade faced the Confederate Army led by General Robert E. Lee. They clashed for a long, tragic, three days, but at a costly expense of human life. The American Civil War was one of the most significant battles that the United States has ever been engaged in. On the lines, there were brothers lined up across from one another, fighting against each other. Over the course of the five years of war, a total of 620,000 American lives was lost. This was one of the most tragic events that our nation has ever been involved in, that our own people were killing each other for what they believe in. On the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg, isolated units of the Army of Potomac and the Army of Northern Virginia began to engage. Union General, John Buford, was in command of two briga des of cavalry. These were the first troops to arrive at Gettysburg. Upon arriving, Buford dismounted his troops on foot and set them up in a defensive position on McPherson’s Ridge. He knew that his troops could not hold off an attack from the Confederates, so â€Å"his main goal was to buy some time until the rest of the Union Army could arrive.† (Foster 1). A few skirmishes erupted and quickly became more and more intense. The next day, battles emerged all over the Union’s lines. One of the mostShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of Gettysburg And Civil War1375 Words   |  6 PagesThe Battle of Gettysburg occurred July 1-3, 1863 in and around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and was one of the most significant battles of the American Civil War. Union forces of the North, commanded by Major General George G. Meade met and fought the Confederate forces of the South, commanded by General Robert E. Lee. Many historians believe the battle was a large turning point in the Civil War in favor of the Union (Woodworth, 2008). However, this is disputable. The battle was also significantRead MoreThe Battle Of Gettysburg And The Civil War Essay1434 Words   |  6 Pagessmall town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, was awoken to the beginning of what was to be the turning point of the Civil War for the Union. It began as a small skirmish, but by its end it involved so many Americans to which would become one of the bloodiest battles ever taken place on Unites States soil. The Battle of Gettysburg was not only a turning point in the war. From July 1st to July 3rd, 1863, the most famous and most important Civil War Battle took place in the small town of Gettysburg, PennsylvaniaRead MoreThe Battle Of Gettysburg And The Civil War970 Words   |  4 Pagesago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal†. One of the most well-known and 16th president of the United States stated these words at the Battle of Gettysburg. A two-minute speech that made such an emotional and passionate impact on the men then and future. He created a dramatic tone to empower, motivate, and engage in the new found nation where men were created equal. A purpose of his speech wasRead MoreBattle Of Gettysburg : Gettysburg Of The American Civil War1465 Words   |  6 PagesShaJuan Ervin Dr.Seamen MIS 303-01 2/24/16 Battle of Gettysburg Day 3 The Battle of Gettysburg is widely known as the largest battle of the American Civil War. This crucial battle occurred over three days, July 1st to July 3, 1863 surrounding the town of Gettysburg. In this battle, General Robert E. Lee tactfully awaited the forces of General Meade’s Union. On July 1st the Confederates were exploited by the Union resulting in a loss. The following day, the Confederates gained ground by conductingRead MoreThe American Civil War: The Battle of Gettysburg985 Words   |  4 PagesGettysburg was fought during the Civil War between the Union Army of the Potomac led by General Meade, and the Confederate Army commanded by General R.E. Lee. The battle only was waged over the course of three days, but it would prove to be the most costly of the entire Civil War. In this paper, we will show how the Confederacy failed to identify certain principles of war, which lead them to incorrectly conduct a center of gravity and critical vulnerability analysis on t he Union. Because of thisRead MoreThe Battle Of Gettysburg And American Civil War924 Words   |  4 PagesThe Battle of Gettysburg was fought over the first three days in July 1863, in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, by Union and Confederate forces during the American Civil War. Confederate General Robert E. Lee led the Army of Northern Virginia, while Union Major General George Gordon Meade commanded the Army of the Potomac. The Battle of Gettysburg involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the war s turning point. With his army in highRead MoreThe Battle Of Gettysburg During The Civil War847 Words   |  4 Pagesin which Family members fought on opposing sides of the war, for example: the Culp Family from Pennsylvania, Crittenden Family from Kentucky. Even President Lincoln’s wife had members of her family that fought on opposing sides. This is the perfect example of people fighting for their own cause not just because there was a line drawn on a map. Before the Battle of Gettysburg even started many soldiers had fought side by side in multiple battles as US Soldiers, where many friendships were born. OnceRead MoreThe Battle Of Gettysburg And The American Civil War1993 Words   |  8 Pagesagree that the Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point in the American Civil War. Some even go as far to as to call it the â€Å"high water mark† of the Confederate States. What is known is that it represented the last time a coherent Confederate Army threatened northern soil. In fact, from Gettysburg forward, the Confederation of Southern States would be fighting a defensive/fighting retreat. Gettysburg was one of the bloodiest battles of the war, but there were many bloody battles during the AmericanRead More The Battle of Gettysburg as the Turning Point of the Civil War1603 Words   |  7 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gettysburg was the turning point of the American Civil War. This is the most famous and important Civil War Battle that occurred over three hot summer days, July 3, 1863, around the small market town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. More importantly Gettysburg was the clash between the two major American Cultures of their time: the North and the South. The causes of the Civil War, and the Battle of Gettysburg, one must understand the differences between these two cultures. The Confederacy had anRead MoreThe Battle Of Gettysburg As A Turning Point Of Civil War1048 Words   |  5 PagesResearch question: Why was the Battle of Gettysburg considered a tur ning point of Civil War and what are the economics impacts of the event during the time? I. Introduction This purpose of this paper is to show why the Battle of Gettysburg was considered a turning point in Civil War and what are the economics influences of the outcome during the time of the event. The influences on both North and South’s markets are studied and will be shown whether any changes were made during the turning point

Obese Attitude Essay - 1248 Words

Obesity has increased in North American society (especially in the states). The United States has even been called an overweight nation. About 20% to 30% of American adults are now considered obese. Even though some Americans are in the healthy category, others enter the underweight, overweight, and even obese categories. Not only is obesity unhealthy, but it is also considered unacceptable. People have been labeled and made fun of their entire lives do to obesity. For some this is an uncontrollable way of life. An example of this are shirts which say No Fat Chicks, showing that overweight people are unacceptable and undesirable. People are made fun of, often never to regain full acceptance. Some people are to be blamed for their†¦show more content†¦Since people often socialize with people who are more similar to them. An obese persons group of friends may also be obese. Since they are obese, overeating is a natural thing to them and they may encourage the obese atti tude and lifestyle. If two fat people are with each other, the chances of them over eating and not exercising regularly are like finding a needle in a haystack. The group makes each other feel better about their decisions and decide to participate themselves. Outside of this group, the group members are seen as deviant. People are labeled deviant due to their attitudes, behaviors, or conditions. All of these contribute to obesity. Some attitudes might obtain an acceptance within a peer group or family for obesity. Behavior for obesity shouldnt be labeled deviant because its often uncontrollable, but some obese people become obese due to overeating and lack of activity. To be deviant also means to be abnormal, but in our society the term normal cant be defined. People choose what is normal and what isnt and the view is often one-sided. Because a person is heavier than you or most people that you know, doesnt give you the right to label them as deviant. However, a person who is overweight and considered abnormal, has the ability to change their appearance and regain normal status in society. Overweight people who attempt to lose their weight areShow MoreRelatedA Critique on the Thesis1383 Words   |  6 PagesA Critique on the Thesis: Shirley, C.C.S. (2004) The Relationship among Eating Attitudes, Slimming Behaviors and Perfectionism in a Non-Clinical Population, Hong Kong University e-theses data base This paper is to critique a thesis titled The Relationship among Eating Attitudes, Slimming Behaviors and Perfectionism in a Non-Clinical Population by Shirley, C.C.S. (2004).This thesis can be found on the database of Hong Kong University. This report mentions the slimming pheromone in Hong Kong, andRead More Eating Disorders, Body Image and Cultural Contexts Essay1306 Words   |  6 PagesWestern and Eastern cultures. One study explored the differences in body image perception, eating habits and self esteem levels between Asian women and Asian women who had been exposed to Western ideals and Australian born women. Eating habits and attitudes were similar between all three categories, but the judgments of body shape varied distinctly. Australian women were much less satisfied with their body images than the Chinese women. Although the Australians showed great dissatisfaction, the ChineseRead MoreLack Of Eating Disorder History2018 Words   |  9 PagesLikert scale (rarely/never, s ometimes, always/almost always) on a list of 22 popular magazines to determine how often they read it. The total frequency of the magazine exposure was gotten from the ratings of the 22 magazines. The Children s Eating Attitude Test (CHEAT) was used to assess symptoms of eating disorder, the higher the scores the greater the chances of an eating disorder. Participants were placed into groups based on their change in eating disorder symptoms. Due to a decrease of TV viewingRead MoreObesity : How Obesity Affects Your Life?938 Words   |  4 Pageswith both being overweight and exceeding the recommended levels of fat and sugar. The low cost of fast food encourages people to choose it over more expensive healthier food, which is a big reason that lower-income individuals are more likely to be obese. American people spending $4.5 billion a year on potato chips, and $3.1 billion a year on candy and gum. 45 present of adult American Americans eat out on a typical day, and one third of them choose fast food. (James 2001). One of the importantRead MoreObesity And Its Effects On Obesity1692 Words   |  7 Pagesknowledgeable in the issue of obesity, many in society view obese people as unhealthy and irresponsible and treat them with disrespect.   How to overcome and prevent obesity, its causes, and different treatments are all ways that obesity needs to be addressed; however, the disrespect towards those who are obese is another significant reason why obesity must be confronted.   Misconceptions of obesity have led to prejudice towards the obese; therefore, comprehensive education of obesity is needed toRead MoreChildhood Obesity Among African American And Hispanic American Families Essay1534 Words   |  7 Pagesthe problem of childhood obesity among African-American and Hispanic-American families in a rural school district in southeast Texas. In 2008, there were 200 million males and nearly 300 million females who were obese and approximately 42 million children, five years and under, were obese in 2013 (World Health Organization Factsheet 311, 2014). First Lady Michelle Obama launched her LET’S MOVE! initiative after engaging in national conversations with America’s children when she broke ground in preparationRead MoreThe Effects Of Isolation On The Society1699 Words   |  7 Pagesthe notion of obesity, but they also fear becoming obese. As a result, the American media paints a picture of the ideal body that society is expected to fit, which consists of a taller and thinner than average female and a taller and more muscular male (Kemerly Lecture - 7/8/15). Those who do not meet this expectation are placed into the out-group. This paper will examine the effect this isolation has on the obese and how this relates to the attitude toward zombies in the film 28 Days Later. As a societyRead MoreConcerns of Obesity Epidemic in the United States Essay979 Words   |  4 Pagessocial groups, some other factors such as martial status is linked cross-sectionally with obesity ( Sobal J, Raushenbach BS, 1992 ). When applying obesity into racial profiles over 80% of black women over the age of forty are overweight and obese( Wang and beydou ,2007) compare to white and Latino woman’s. However, socio-demographic and one s racial profile shouldnt consist on growing obesity, Even though SES plays very important rule, People with high status are more careful aboutRead More Obesity in the USA Essay example1248 Words   |  5 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The United States has even been called an overweight nation. About 20% to 30% of American adults are now considered obese. Even though some Americans are in the healthy category, others enter the underweight, overweight, and even obese categories. Not only is obesity unhealthy, but it is also considered unacceptable. People have been labeled and made fun of their entire lives due to obesity. For some this is an uncontrollable way of life. An example of this are shirts which say No Fat ChicksRead MoreObesity Case Study969 Words   |  4 Pagesfollow-up with maintenance and appointments is common with many of the obese patients currently under his care. With every obese and diabetic patient treated in the clinic, the preceptor tries to not make any assumptions on their lifestyle and encourage healthy behavior changes and repeat visits to the clinic. He makes every effort to share in his authenticity of their wellbeing and be sensitive regarding their weight, as many obese patients could have had negative encounters with other health care professionals

The Miranda Rights Essay - 1706 Words

In March of 1963, the Phoenix Police Department brought in an accused to their departments to investigate him. Upon arriving to the police department two detectives interrogated him about the rape of a mildly, handicap young woman and a kidnap. After two hours of interrogating the suspect, Ernesto Miranda, confessed to the crime just after the detectives told him the victim had identified him in a lineup. Ernesto Miranda was found guilty of both crimes and was sentenced to twenty to thirty years in prison. In 1966, three years later, Miranda’s sentence was overturned by the Supreme Court due to the fact that Miranda was not notified about his fifth or sixth amendment. His fifth amendment gave him the right to avoid self-incrimination by†¦show more content†¦Miranda’s harsh times started when his mom died when he was six years old and his dad remarried another woman the following year. Miranda never bond with his four older brothers nor did he get along with his stepmother. Soon, Ernesto drifted from his dad. Ernesto started his trouble-making life in elementary school since he would always have constant miss behavioral problems and he would not go as often to school. Ernesto was an eight-grader dropout because he was arrested for car theft which in fact was the first time he was charged with a serious crime. Miranda was given a probationary sentence which did not seem to help him because less than a year later he was arrested for burglary. For this crime he was send to the Arizona State Industrial School for Boys at Fort Grant. This punishment did not seem to have an effect on Miranda. Only a month later, after he was released from Fort Grant in 1956, he was arrested for attempt of rape and assault. Upon found guilty of this crime he was send back to Fort Grant for a year, once again. The following year in 1957 he was now sixteen years old and was released from Fort Grant and left to California for a fresh start. It seemed like Ernes to was never going to stay out of jail or trouble. Months later, he was arrested for curfew violations and being a peeper which caused him to earn three days in the Los Angeles County House of Detention. It seemed that Ernesto really wanted to stay out of trouble because heShow MoreRelatedMiranda Rights797 Words   |  4 PagesMiranda rights have become a centralized focus in the US media the past decade. From the news media to movies everyone knows their Miranda rights. Charles Jensen poem Miranda rights takes a different look at what some of those meanings, mean towards different groups of people. Miranda rights, is a right to silence warning given by police in the United States to criminal suspects in police custody. The first line of Charles Jensen Miranda rights that speaks to me is â€Å"An attorney you cannot affordRead MoreThe Rights Of The Miranda Rights1307 Words   |  6 PagesOn March 13 1963, Ernesto Miranda was arrested on charges of rape and kidnapping of an 18 year old girl. He was interrogated but was never aware that the details of his interrogation would later be used against him in his court trial. Miranda stated that he was never spoken to concerning his right to silence and council as well as the confession being used against him in his trial. He would end up being sentenced to prison, however in June 1965, his attorneys would send the case to the Supreme CourtRead MoreMiranda s Article On Miranda Rights2443 Words   |  10 PagesNovember 2, 2014 Miranda Rights The Miranda Rights, also known as the Miranda Warning, were derived from the 5th and 6th amendments in which they guarantee all people who are taken into arrest the right to trial, council, and to be appointed a lawyer. Although not explicitly expressed in the constitution, the Miranda rights provide the necessary precautions for self-incrimination and proper trial by providing those who have been arrested or incarcerated a brief description of the rights the individualRead MoreThe And Reason For The Miranda Rights762 Words   |  4 PagesTia Harris 8-13-15 American History The purpose of this paper is to talk about the process and reason for the Miranda rights. I am also going explain the role the Miranda rights plays with each branch of government and the importance of it to each branch. And a side note, the Miranda rights is also referred to as the Miranda warning in some places. The first branch of government I’m going to talk about is the Legislative branch. The Federal government looks to act in the best interests of itsRead MoreMiranda Rights Essay1547 Words   |  7 PagesMiranda Rights Everyone has heard the term Miranda Rights, whether that be when taking a law class, during the course of a television show, or perhaps through personal experience with their use, but what do these two words really mean, where did they come from and how to they apply to an individuals everyday life? The answers to this question are neither simple nor fully answered today, as challenges to Miranda Rights appear in courtrooms routinely. However, the basis for Miranda Rights canRead MoreMiranda Rights Essay1604 Words   |  7 PagesMiranda Rights Everyone has heard the term Miranda Rights, whether that be when taking a law class, during the course of a television show, or perhaps through personal experience with their use, but what do these two words really mean, where did they come from and how to they apply to an individuals everyday life? The answers to this question are neither simple nor fully answered today, as challenges to Miranda Rights appear in courtrooms routinely. However, the basis for Miranda Rights canRead MoreEssay on Miranda Rights539 Words   |  3 PagesMiranda Rights The Miranda rights all started in 1963. Ernest Miranda was taken into custody by Phoenix police as a suspect for the kidnapping and rape of a girl. The Phoenix police department questioned Ernest for two vigorous hours. Miranda finally confessed orally to the crime, and then wrote out a statement admitting to the crime and describing what he had done. Mirandas trial came to date; the crime was admitted despite his lawyers advice and he was convicted and sentenced. Read MoreThe Creation of Miranda Rights Essay767 Words   |  4 PagesThe Creation of Miranda Rights The constitution was designed to have basic laws to govern by and at the same time providing citizens with the basic rights of life, liberty and happiness ( which later became property). These terms are pretty vague thus they often need to be given specific meaning or interpretation in a courtroom. The constitution also includes a set of amendments that are called the bill of rights, because they mainly deal with rights of he â€Å"people† and citizens of the UnitedRead MoreThe Miranda Rights: The Right to Remain Silent1013 Words   |  4 PagesMiranda; The Right to Remain Silent. Term Paper Outline I chose this case because I have heard about the Miranda warning many times in all of my AOJ classes. I know what The Miranda rights are and there purpose but I don’t know the whole story about Miranda, what he did, what happened at trial, why it went all the way up to the U. S. Supreme Court and how the Miranda warning came to be. I would like to know the whole story behind The Miranda trial and what the Supreme Court ruling was. On the earlyRead MoreCustody And Interrogation Of The Miranda Rights1399 Words   |  6 Pagescontextual of our Miranda Rights Introduction Do you ever wonder about your Miranda Rights if you are ever questioned by an officer? Do you wonder if you will self-incrimination yourselves if you answer an officers questions in the wrong way? These are valid questions, and within this paper this learner hopes to answers them by describing custody and interrogation in the background of the Fifth Amendment, explain a circumstance where Miranda might be compulsory or a circumstance where the Miranda caveats would

Mobile Phone and Social Media Free Essays

There are days when I wish marathoner weren’t even Invented-Yet I try to Imagine life without social media, and it makes me sad to realize how many people I would no longer be in contact with. The people I communicate with the most on Faceable are not the people that I’m closest to in life. Instead it’s the people who either live in other cities or have moved on to other schools and our lives no longer intersect on a daily or weekly basis. We will write a custom essay sample on Mobile Phone and Social Media or any similar topic only for you Order Now I’m able to stay in touch with these people in a way that I wouldn’t be able to without Faceable. We’re able to share articles, books, recipes, and ideas. I’m able to see them accomplish life goals, get married, start families. Although these friendships are not the same as the friendships I have with my close friends and family, I still value the connection. Social media and smart phones are now a permanent part of society, and I think that is, for the most part, a positive thing. L, for one, am going to try to set aside my phone and ignore Faceable for hours at a time, and I’m going to get out of the bait of touching my phone during family and school times. I want to someday have a family, and when I do, devices will not be allowed at family meetings, so it makes sense to get out of the habit now. I’m going to continue to post interesting articles and photos when I see them. But I’m not going to constantly check to see how many â€Å"likes† and â€Å"comments†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ have. As for using my smartened in public, that’s not really an Issue for me. I’m usually daydreaming. â€Å"Look up from your phone. Shut down the display. Stop watching this video. Live life the real way†. This shows me that the rate of successful relationships has gone down because people are to busy using their phones for testing and social media Instead of Interacting with each other. I think that smart phones have been ruling peoples social life. I think that the message I picked will help me later In elite. I would definitely recommend this video to family and friends because it has a deep message in it and it could help in their life. Mobile Phone and Social Media By sucrose Cultural Perspective: I-J/ England By now, if you spend any time on Faceable, you’ve probably seen the â€Å"Look Up† video. Relationship with smart phones and social media. I hate how it has become a reflex smartness weren’t even invented. Yet I try to imagine life without social media, and an issue for me. I’m usually daydreaming. â€Å"Look up from your phone. Shut down the people are to busy using their phones for testing and social media instead of interacting with each other. Message I picked will help me later in life. How to cite Mobile Phone and Social Media, Papers

Immutable Laws of Corporate Reputation †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: 1. Examine and critique an aspect of the companys performance with regards to fulfilling the needs within society.2. Analyse the companys current corporate image.3. Highlight both areas of achievement and those requiring improvements. Do not focus only the positive or negative aspects.4. Examine and discuss the impacts and implications of the companys action on society and stakeholders.5. Provide youre on balance recommendations conclusions about the companys performance in society. Answers: 1. Toyota Company puts huge emphases to reach out to the social needs and the values the importance of the community surrounding their operations. The giant corporation makes decisions that directly affect the community and adds to their social responsibility. Among the lead activities to promote their social awareness and responsibility is the employee engagement. The employees play a huge role in the development of an assessment that aims to cover the needs of the intermediate society. The functions that Toyota carries out in their self-termed social contribution entail the protection of the environment, the emphasis on traffic safety, education engagements as well as giving back to the society as a whole[1]. The processes seem to be a normal expectation to the common person referring to the profits that the car manufacturer makes and with the steady lead in the car manufacturing industry. As early as 2003, there was the development of the Community Spirit Program that focused on t he capacity building for non-profit members, offers eminent support for the business goals of all the involved parties, delivers benefits that would offer long-term sustainability and encourage employees and dealership. However, the program offered minute chances for the participation from the employees of the firm. 2011 saw the birth of the Toyota Community Foundation to combat the missing evaluation from the employees of the firm. The task of the appointed champions would to give input to what the community and social needs would entail to the manufacturing firm. The growth of the new foundation associated itself with disaster relief where there was a concrete connection to the matching donations from the employees. Moreover, there was an establishment of a community and employee fund that offered and still offer grants to the communities via partnerships with the local governments. The efforts get simplified and more diversified from the presence of fifty-two manufacturing plants in twenty-seven countries globally. Each plant in the diverse countries has tasks from the head offices to promote and deliver results of the social responsibility and facilitate social needs of the communities around them in their performance statuses. The company additionally offers employment to the people in regions where the firm establishes its manufacturing plants in efforts to create employment to the locals, and in a collective role with the local governments to increase the national income. Moreover, the firm announced a contribution towards sustainable development to boost its relations with the stakeholders. In August 2008, the move translated to the firms CSR policy. The policy traces efforts of contribution through sustainable development and takes into account the gradual environmental changes and the ever-increasing societal interests in the CSR. The specific input to the community has their commitment to respect the people by honouring the cultures, history, custom s and laws of each region the firm has an operational plant1. In addition, Toyota focuses on finding safer, superior, and cleaner methods that satisfy the needs of the specific society to provide sustainable mobility. Importantly, Toyota vows not to take any form of bribery from any individual or institution and adds to maintain their fair and honest relations with the governmental institutions and with the authorities governing the public. Their fulfilment of the social needs leads Toyota to spell out that they actively engage and promote the social contribution activities that reinforce societies and give continued support to enrich the societies. The fulfilment happens in collaboration with individuals and with partners. 2. The current representation from the corporate Toyota to the world is that of a customer first image. The firm puts emphasis on the needs of the customers, with common phrases and ads that deliver the same image. The events leading to a strong brand creation to put the customer is king[2] mantra dig to the events that lead to the death of four people as the accelerator pedal stuck in a floor mat. The accident occurring in 2009 saw Toyota recall 3.8 million vehicles on November 2 and 400,000 vehicles in a recall four weeks after the incident. The effects of the accidents damaged the then positive image for the customers. Subsequently, the negative attitude from customers rose to 22 percent and the positive regard from the consumers fell by five points to settle at 78 percent. The recalls were not over since on January 21, 2010; the gigantic corporation recalled over two million vehicles following complaints about the accelerator pedal sticking in the cars without floor mats. There w as an additional recall of other vehicles with an array of diversified faults. Following the recall and subsequent loss of trust from the consumers, the firm propelled a new motto Moving Forward in an attempt to push the new agenda and image of the fresh start and desire to communicate with the customers for a better future. The new motto also played a double role to revive the firm from the natural calamities in Japan and Taiwan at the period. A combination of smart pricing and intelligent artisanship works to create the new image for the customers, and the methods work due to the increase in the sales and growth of the firm over the past decade. Launching new models and running ads across mainstream media place the image of the firm at a new perspective to the eyes of the motor customers. Moreover, there was the establishment of the Toyota Marketing Japan Corporation and Toyota Motor Sales and Marketing Corporation dedicated to offering more efforts to advance genchi and genbutsu- and improve on the consumer based marketing engagements. In addition, the new extensions geared the strength to reform the operations of the sales and the development of the new models from the firm. Creation of ads to cover an extensive frequency of up to seven times in a year offering different ads for the various models changed the image completely to the current customer is king corporate image. 3. Toyotas Areas of Achievement The up trick in the manufacturing success of Toyota goes to the low prices of fuel, economies getting stronger and the huge customer demand for Toyota automobiles. Toyota manufactures over fourteen models in over twenty-five nations. Apart from the huge economic and financial growth of the firm, a huge milestone in the manufacturing industry lies within the provision of current technological and engineering discoveries that guarantee safety and promote efficiency. Toyota plays top leagues in promoting safety and promoting the efficiency. The invention of green cars, recalls inspecting and correcting major faults in the models, and the inclusion of safety procedures in all of the models acts as a leading milestone for the company. Apart from the engineering aspect Toyota pushed immensely and achieved the customer trust through the production of the numerous and correction of errors in the released car models. Toyota grew the image to form a positive image for their customers. Hence, t he growth in the customer demands the Toyota models all over the globe. A huge milestone and achievement from the gigantic firm are the increase in the viable ways that connect the firm dealers networks. The firm develops a special focus on manufacturing economical cars with a hinting range of the luxurious giants. Areas That Need Improvement I feel Toyota needs to take initiatives to reform the corporate culture. They need to revitalize the venture spirit through the direct reformation of the consciousness to align with the Global Vision[3]. The introduction of cars that meet the local needs in the ever-evolving markets should be a priority for the firm. Performing those tasks will improve the global market share by a ten percent sure increase from the gigantic car-manufacturing firm. In the innovation for the development of better basic performance cars, the firm should aim to synthesize the design and the planning process to produce better and simplistic performing cars. It is also a thought for Toyota to improve on the Six Sigma, the quality of the car, and offer less focus to the lean of the car, the focus on time3. The firm will benefit even more from the continuous upholding of their improvement culture in their car manufacturing DNA. The production of green cars and fuel-saving automobiles is a region that needs c onstant improvement in anticipation to the changing dynamics of the world supply of petroleum commodities. 4. The recognition that Toyota has to the importance of involving the stakeholders and the society leads them to put more and more emphasis on the creation of rules that govern their CSR operations. Among the impacts of the firm engaging in the society and having a healthy relationship with the stakeholders, is the strong and positive image of the firm in the communities. The day-to-day decision-making process has a variable input from the stakeholders and the society and in so doing; the firm meets and operates within the expectations of all the parties involved[4]. Additionally, the firm has an easy time following the compliance procedures set in the locations of the manufacturing industries. To such regards, Toyota does not expose itself to risks of penalties and fines, legal costs, potential closure of operations, loss of corporate reputation, or even less productivity due to frequent and subsequent inspections. The sustainability creates financial value to the firm through the s ystem of enhanced revenues and the lower costs of operating business from the integration with the society and their social needs. The revenues increase from the increased sales created by a god corporate reputation, and the low operation costs originate from the fewer processes improvements and a declined rate of fines and penalties. The increased moral obligation for Toyota acts as an obligation from their engagement with the society and their needs and with the inclusion of the stakeholders in the decision-making process. The corporate leadership of the Toyota firm increases their efforts in the mandate to protect the environment in the locations with their manufacturing facilities. Their obligation to protect the environment promises to control some pollutants to protect the community and the environment at a long short4. In so doing, the firm achieves two goals with one direct motive. Their moral standard and respect for the community surrounding their business ensure they prot ect the environment in their manufacturing process and at the same time provides a financial advantage from the sales of less-pollutant automobiles. Various stakeholders such as the customers have an open forum to engage with the company through the various response lines and social media outlets. The advantage that Toyota has over other motor manufacturing firms is the open channels to which the customers can contact the firm. Impacts include an improvement of the customer satisfaction activities and improved dissemination of information upon customer request. The relationship with the customer produces positive results in the creation of a positive brand and retaining the loyalty of the customers5. Engagements with the employees by having open channels where the employees can develop and express their creativity in the production and design of the automobiles places Toyota ahead in the processes that strengthen the labor management within the firm[5]. In addition, the open interac tion improves the workstations, improves on the working cultures, and promotes the evaluation and planning activities for the various labor categories of the leading car manufacturer. Relations with the business partners and the shareholders produce relations that are mutually beneficial based on mutual trust and improve the management of the firm by allowing open and quality dialogues respectively. 5. Toyota is on the path to global leadership in car manufacturing in the world. The current situation places Toyota as the leading firm that incorporates the opinion of the stakeholders in the daily decision-making process. As a result, the company maintains strong corporate societal responsibility procedures that look into the varied interests of the stakeholders. The current state of the firm is one that maintains a strong and effective corporate responsibility and one that maintains an emphasis on the business advantage to the global automobile market[6]. Conclusions of the activities of the activities of the company show that the macro-environment factors associated with the firm provide immense opportunities to the firm. Hence, the firm should put effort on development of products to grasp a hold of the available opportunities. Additionally, Toyota should upgrade on the operations of its business and improve the market presence to exploit the opportunities present. Improving on the measures and frequencies of technology and encouraging more innovation will combat the internal threats the firm faces from the widening wealth gap and the increased activities of cyber crimes on a global platform6. Moreover, the presence of stiff competition gives Toyota an opening to come up with innovative capabilities that will steer it ahead of the existing competition from rivalry car manufacturers[7]. The organization of culture and optimization of the structural functions of the firm is a recommendation to maximize the flexibility of the firm in the process of decision-making and the combined role of solving existing problems[8]. Bibliography Alsop R, The 18 Immutable Laws Of Corporate Reputation (Free Press 2014) Amasaka K, Science TQM, New Quality Management Principle (Bentham Science Publishers 2012) Ferguson E, 'Toyota PESTEL/PESTLE Analysis Recommendations - Panmore Institute' (Panmore Institute, 2015) https://panmore.com/toyota-pestel-pestle-analysis-recommendations accessed 23 May 2016 Japan In The Bluegrass (University Press of Kentucky 2001) The Global Achievement Gap (The Global Achievement Gap.) 'Toyota Global Site | Stakeholder Engagement' (www.toyota.co.jp, 2016) https://www.toyota-global.com/sustainability/society/stakeholder/ accessed 23 May 2016 Zokaei A, Creating A Lean And Green Business System Schermerhorn J, Management (John Wiley 2010)

Richard Wrights Black Boy free essay sample

Critical analysis of 1945 autobiography of early years of African-American. author. Richard Wrights book Black Boy is a non-fiction work which recounts the early life of the author, pointing out many of his formative influences as a young black man in the South at a time when racism was rampant. America at the time was a land of excess, with whites enjoying all the advantages while the blacks were relegated to poverty and were even then discriminated against as if they were taking something from white society. Wright absorbs this in an interesting way, beginning as a young man who did not see the difference between black and white and who had to be trained, as it were, to see the difference and to live it every day. He found that he had to behave in a certain way to survive, and yet in the long run he did not learn his lessons as well as did some others. We will write a custom essay sample on Richard Wrights Black Boy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A deep anger infuses his writing, and often it is directed as much at black society for